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Clinical Chemistry 16: 931-940, 1970;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 16, 931-940, Copyright © 1970 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Detection of Basic Organic Drugs and Their Metabolites in Urine

Milton L. Bastos 1, Gerald E. Kananen 1, Randolph M. Young 1, Joseph R. Monforte 1, and Irving Sunshine 1

1 Institute of Pathology, Case—Western Reserve University, and The Cuyahoga County Coroner’s Office, Cleveland, Ohio 44106.

Basic organic drugs were extracted into ethanol from urine saturated with potassium carbonate. Drugs in this concentrate were purified by extraction into ether at pH 8.5. The ether extract was evaporated and applied to several thin-layer chromatograms. Functional-group detection was used in qualitative and semiquantitative analysis of the developed chromatograms by spraying the plates sequentially with several group-specific reagents. This simple, sensitive, and inexpensive procedure permits simultaneous analysis of many samples. It is well suited for detection of drug abuse.


Key Words: thin-layer chromatography • drug misuse • primary, secondary, and tertiary amines • NH—heterocyclics • hydrazides • primary aromatic amines • phenothiazines • indoles • group-specific reagents for identification

Submitted on July 27, 1970






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Copyright © 1970 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.