Clinical Chemistry
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Clinical Chemistry 16: 195-200, 1970;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 16, 195-200, Copyright © 1970 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Determination of Amphetamine, Methamphetamine, and Related Amines in Blood and Urine by Gas Chromatography with Hydrogen-Flame Ionization Detector

Paul Lebish 1, Bryan S. Finkle 1, and J. W. Brackett Jr. 1

1 San Mateo County Coroner Toxicology Laboratory, 225 W. 37th Ave., San Mateo, Calif. 94403, and the Laboratory of Criminalistics, Div. of District Attorney’s Office, Santa Clara County, 875 N. San Pedro St., San Jose, Calif. 95110.

A sensitive gas-chromatographic method suitable for clinical and forensic purposes is presented for measuring methamphetamine, amphetamine, and other phenethylamines in blood and urine. When testing blood, we include a known quantity of a homologous standard, n-propylamphetamine hydrochloride, in the tungstic-acid solution used to precipitate blood proteins; the acid filtrate is washed, alkalinized, and extracted with ether. Extracted phenethylamines are converted to the corresponding acetamides, which are then concentrated and gas-chromatographed. The method for urine is similar except the known quantity of n-propylamphetamine hydrochloride is added to the sample, the protein precipitation is omitted, and chloroform is the extracting solvent. Suitable tests are described for the more stringent confirmation of amphetamine and methamphetamine required for court testimony. Retention data obtained from both a polar and a nonpolar column packing are presented for over 50 compounds related to phenethylamine.

Submitted on October 13, 1969
Accepted on January 16, 1970




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D. S. Kreuz and J. Axelrod
Amphetamine in Human Plasma: A Sensitive and Specific Enzymatic Assay
Science, February 1, 1974; 183(4123): 420 - 421.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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