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Clinical Chemistry 17: 5-26, 1971;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 17, 5-26, Copyright © 1971 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Biogenic Amines in Normal and Abnormal Behavioral States

George Bryson 1

1 Santa Barbara Cottage Hospital Research Institute, Santa Barbara, Calif. 93105 (present address); and the Department of Psychology, San Francisco State College, San Francisco, Calif. 94132.

Involvement of the biogenic amines—acetylcholine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, and ggr-aminobutyric acid—in behavioral states through neurotransmission is appraised. An accessory role is favored for acetylcholine because its distribution and function in the brain are less specific than those of norepinephrine or serotonin, which are concerned with REM and deep sleep, while epinephrine is concerned with brain stem activity in wakeful and (or) aggressive arousal. Decreased brain metabolism of norepinephrine and serotonin has been correlated with conditions favoring aggression. Norepinephrine and acetylcholine are implicated in neurochemical coding which regulates food and water intake. ggr-Aminobutyric acid and other amino acids can facilitate or inhibit neural transactions. The precursor to dopamine alleviates Parkinsonian tremor. Aberrant catecholamine metabolism and structural differences in related psychotomimetic substances are considered in the etiology of schizophrenia, depression, and similar affective disorders. Other states of impaired behavior are also linked with altered biogenic amine chemistry.


Key Words: schizophrenia • effects of ethanol • REM sleep • neurotransmission and the synaptic region • phenylketonuria • sleep mechanisms • Parkinsonism • aggression mechanisms • drugs affecting mentation • neurochemical coding and behavior • catecholamine metabolism • analytical considerations






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Copyright © 1971 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.