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Clinical Chemistry 17: 222-228, 1971;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 17, 222-228, Copyright © 1971 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Profile of Sedatives and Tranquilizers in Serum, as Measured by Gas-Liquid Chromatography

Henning F. Proelss 1 and Herman J. Lohmann 1

1 The Department of Pathology, Baptist Medical Centers, Birmingham, Ala. 35211.

We describe here a rapid and comprehensive screening method for 40 commonly used sedatives and tranquilizers with use of gas-liquid chromatography. Barbiturates, nonbarbiturate sedatives, and tranquilizers of the phenothiazine, benzodiazepine, and dibenzazepine type can be both identified and measured in serum. A simple solvent extraction at different pH values, with subsequent solvent partition, effects a preliminary separation into acid, neutral, and basic drugs. The three fractions are separated on two standard 180-cm glass columns: acid and neutral drugs with the liquid phase XE-60 (3.5%) and basic drugs with the liquid phase OV-17(3%). Sera from more than 50 patients have been analyzed by this technique, and the concentrations of several sedatives and tranquilizers are reported.


Key Words: solvent extraction-partition • data on retention times • concentrations of drugs in serum

Submitted on October 26, 1970
Accepted on January 7, 1971






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Copyright © 1971 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.