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Clinical Chemistry 17: 875-881, 1971;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 17, 875-881, Copyright © 1971 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Screening Method for Detection of Drugs of Abuse in Human Urine

Norman Weissman 1, Mei Lee Lowe 1, John M. Beattie 1, and James A. Demetriou 1

1 Bio-Science Laboratories, 7600 Tyrone Ave., Van Nuys, Calif. 91405.

A simple, convenient method is described for the detection in human urine of three major classes of drugs of abuse: amphetamines, barbiturates, and alkaloids. The drugs are adsorbed from urine by a column of non-ionic resin (Amberlite XAD-2), eluted with methanol, and chromatographed on a thin-layer silica gel plate. The drugs are made visible and identified by a series of procedures involving exposure to ultraviolet radiation, heat treatment, sequential spraying with group-specific reagents, and measurement of Rf values. Detection limits for 5-ml urine specimens are: 0.4 µg per ml for amphetamines and barbiturates, and 0.8 g per ml for alkaloids. The test requires 6 h to perform. One technologist can process 50 specimens per day.


Key Words: non-ionic resin chromatography • thin-layer chromatography on silica gel • amphetamines, barbiturates, alkaloids • Rf values, TLC

Submitted on March 8, 1971
Accepted on May 19, 1971






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Copyright © 1971 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.