Clinical Chemistry
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Clinical Chemistry 19: 216-220, 1973;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 19, 216-220, Copyright © 1973 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry

A Sensitive, Rapid Radioimmunoassay for Morphine and Immunologically Related Substances in Urine and Serum

Don Catlin 1, Roy Cleeland 1, and E. Grunberg 1

1 Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, Calif. 90024 (D. C.), and the Department of Chemotherapy and Diagnostic Research, Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., Nutley, N.J. 07110 (R. C. and E. G.).

A rapid, simple radioimmunoassay for morphine and immunologically related compounds is described and evaluated. The 2-h assay requires as little as 0.1 ml of urine or serum and provides a quantitative estimate of serum or urinary morphine. Individuals known not to be receiving heroin or other narcotics had apparent urinary morphine concentrations of less than 25 µg/liter and apparent serum concentrations of less than 10 µg/liter. Patients receiving as much as 100 mg of methadone gave results (expressed as morphine) of less than 25 or 10 µg/liter, respectively, for their serum and urine. Fifty-eight of 59 urines from known heroin users, sampled up to 48 h after self-administered heroin, contained more than 25 µg of morphine per liter; 32 of 37 sera obtained up to 12 h after heroin contained more than 10 µg/liter. Samples obtained from individuals receiving substances that may cross-react in the assay were tested and the results are discussed. We conclude that this radioimmunoassay may be suitable for routine screening of urine or serum for morphine.

Submitted on November 11, 1972
Accepted on December 11, 1972




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B. H. Wainer, K. Bonese, F. W. Fitch, and R. M. Rothberg
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Toxicol Pathol, June 1, 1977; 5(2): 5 - 10.
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Copyright © 1973 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.