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Clinical Chemistry 19: 583-585, 1973;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 19, 583-585, Copyright © 1973 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Concentrations in Serum and Urinary Excretion of Guanidine, 1-Methylguanidine, and 1,1-Dimethylguanidine in Chronic Renal Failure

Israel M. Stein 1 and Michael J. Micklus 1

1 Departments of Medicine, Beth Israel Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass. 02215.

Guanidine (G), 1-methylguanidine (MG), and 1,1-dimethylguanidine (DMG) have long been implicated as uremic "toxins." A method has been developed for determining G, MG, and DMG in serum and urine. Specimens were chromatographed on carboxylate resin, with use of 1 molar NaOH, and quantitated colorimetrically with a modification of the Voges— Proskauer reaction. The mean values for G and MG in the serum of uremic patients were 0.3 and 0.4 mg per liter, respectively. DMG was not detected. Although the urinary excretion of MG is significantly increased in renal failure, the concentrations of G, MG, and DMG in serum are not markedly increased, and it is therefore unlikely that G, MG, or DMG contribute to the toxic manifestations of the uremic syndrome.


Key Words: "toxins" in uremia • ion-exchange column-chromatography • Voges—Proskauer reaction • uremic syndrome

Submitted on February 21, 1973
Accepted on March 16, 1973







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Copyright © 1973 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.