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Clinical Chemistry 19: 593-596, 1973;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 19, 593-596, Copyright © 1973 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Determination of Total Organic Acids in Urine by Extraction with Organic Solvents

Leo Kesner 1, Tsai-Tse Yao 1, and Ralph B. Dell 1

1 Department of Biochemistry, Downstate Medical Center, State University of New York, 450 Clarkson Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. 11203 (L. K. and T.-T. Y.); and the Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 W. 168th St., New York, N. Y. 10032.

Metabolic carboxylic acids are extracted, with a mixture of equal volumes of t-amyl alcohol—chloroform, from an acidified sample of as little as 200 µl of urine that has been adsorbed to a short column of silica gel. Total acid in the extract is measured by titration with tetramethylammonium hydroxide (10 mmol/liter) to a phenolphthalein end point. There is no interference from protein, creatinine, creatine, bicarbonate, or amino acids, and no pretreatment of the sample is required. Results compared well (r = 0.94) with those obtained by the Palmer—Van Slyke method for total organic acids. This procedure should prove useful as a simple, rapid screening test for those metabolic disturbances and inborn errors of metabolism characterized by increased excretion of organic acids.


Key Words: adsorption of urinary acids on, and their elution from, silica gel • titration in nonaqueous medium • inborn errors of metabolism • screening test

Submitted on January 8, 1973
Accepted on March 30, 1973






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Copyright © 1973 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.