Clinical Chemistry
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Clinical Chemistry 19: 845-852, 1973;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 19, 845-852, Copyright © 1973 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Use of Stable Isotopes in Measuring Low Concentrations of Drugs and Drug Metabolites by GC—MS—COM Procedures

M. G. Horning 1, J. Nowlin 1, K. Lertratanangkoon 1, R. N. Stillwell 1, W. G. Stillwell 1, and R. M. Hill 1

1 Institute for Lipid Research and the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex. 77025.

Certain drugs in urine, plasma, breast milk, and amniotic fluid have been quantitatively analyzed in the picogram to nanogram range by selective ion detection with two gas chromatograph—mass spectrometer—computer systems: an LKB 9000/PDP 12 operated in the electron impact mode and a Finnigan 1015/PDP 8/I operated in the chemical ionization mode. With the latter system, it is possible to monitor several drugs and drug metabolites and an internal standard in a single temperature-programmed analysis. Internal standards labeled with stable isotopes are preferred for selective ion detection. Diphenylhydantoin-2,4,5-13C has been used to quantify diphenylhydantoin, and pentobarbital-2,4(6) ,5-13C has been used to quantify amobarbital, secobarbital, caffeine, meperidine ("Demerol"), and phenobarbital in 50-200 µl samples of plasma and breast milk.


Key Words: analyses of drugs in urine, plasma, colostrum, amniotic fluid • toxicology • drug metabolism • placental drug transfer

Submitted on May 7, 1973
Accepted on May 28, 1973




The following articles in journals at HighWire Press have cited this article:


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 Arch Pediatr Adolesc MedHome page
R. M. Hill, W. M. Verniaud, M. G. Horning, L. B. McCulley, and N. F. Morgan
Infants Exposed in Utero to Antiepileptic Drugs: A Prospective Study
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, May 1, 1974; 127(5): 645 - 653.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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Copyright © 1973 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.