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Clinical Chemistry 20: 205-211, 1974;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 20, 205-211, Copyright © 1974 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Sources of Error in Determining Lead in Blood by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

Louis E. Kopito 1, Michael A. Davis 1, and Harry Shwachman 1

1 Spectrochemical Laboratory, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Children's Hospital Medical Center, and the Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston (L.. E. K. and H. S.); and the Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School and the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Boston, Mass. (M. A. D.).

203Pb was used to monitor sample-preparation techniques used in four atomic absorption methods for determination of lead in blood. Sources of error and their magnitude were identified and measured for each of the following analytical procedures: precipitation with trichloroacetic acid, separation with ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbonate into methyl isobutyl ketone, digestion with acids, and coprecipitation with bismuth and direct analysis after a "nonextraction" procedure. The determination of lead in blood supplemented with inorganic lead was compared with that of naturally bound lead obtained from experimentally poisoned animals. Because of differences in in vivo and in vitro lead binding, recovery of added inorganic lead may not accurately reflect the fate of endogenous lead in some analytical procedures.


Key Words: lead poisoning • toxicology • trace-element analysis • method comparison

Submitted on November 26, 1973
Accepted on November 29, 1973






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Copyright © 1974 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.