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Clinical Chemistry 20: 302-304, 1974;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 20, 302-304, Copyright © 1974 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Thin-Layer Chromatographic Differentiation of Amphetamine from Other Primary-Amine Drugs in Urine

Robert J. Bussey 1 and Ronald C. Backer 1

1 Milwaukee Health Department, Bureau of Laboratories, Milwaukee, Wis. 53202.

We describe a thin-layer chromatographic procedure for distinguishing among amphetamine, mescaline, 4-methyl-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine (STP), 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), phenylpropanolamine, chlorphentermine, beta-phenylethylamine, benzocaine, and procaine. These compounds may be encountered in urine-screening programs, and all except MDA are well separated from amphetamine (a fact not previously established) as well as from each other. They are revealed by sequentially spraying with ethanolic phenylacetaldehyde—ninhydrin and aqueous sodium phosphate. The resulting yellow spots fluoresce green on heating. The aromatic amines fluoresce poorly. MDA is distinguished from amphetamine by overspraying with chromotropic acid. Detection limits and Rf values are reported. Fluorescence spectra of the aliphatic amines are similar.


Key Words: drugs of abuse • screening techniques

Submitted on July 5, 1973
Accepted on October 23, 1973






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Copyright © 1974 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.