Clinical Chemistry
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Clinical Chemistry 21: 1609-1611, 1975;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 21, 1609-1611, Copyright © 1975 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Simple, Highly Selective Screening Method for Barbiturates in Urine

Frantiscaronek Pehr 1

1 Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Health Institute of the Uranium Industry, ZÚNZ UP, Prcaroníbram 261 05, Czechoslovakia

I present a new, simple colorimetric method for detecting and estimating barbiturates in urine. After the barbiturates are extracted with ether, an aliquot of the washed ether phase is added to the color reagent (a bivalent mercury/dithizone chelate in chloroform). On addition of diluted pyridine and shaking, a pinkish-violet color appears if a barbiturate is present. The overall sensitivity of the above method was evaluated by probit analysis in the case of sodium phenobarbital. The concentration of sodium phenobarbital in urine detectable at least 99% of the time was 6.72 mg/liter, with 95% confidence limits of 5.37 to 10.36 mg/liter. Sodium phenobarbital, 10 mg/liter, can be detected in the presence of phenytoin (50 mg/liter), glutethimide (100 mg/liter), or bemegride (100 mg/liter). The whole procedure requires <10 min. An excretion study illustrates application of the procedure


Key Words: toxicology • screening for drug abuse

Submitted on May 20, 1974
Accepted on July 11, 1975






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Copyright © 1975 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.