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Clinical Chemistry 21: 1907-1917, 1975;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 21, 1907-1917, Copyright © 1975 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Factors Influencing Evaporation from Sample Cups, and Assessment of Their Effect on Analytical Error

C. A. Burtis 1, J. M. Begovich 1, and J. S. Watson 1

1 Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn. 37830.

We studied sample evaporation and its effect on analytical error. Several factors influencing evaporative loss have been identified and measured: environmental, instrumental, and operational factors, and the chemical and physical properties of the sample and its container. Such losses from several different types of sample cups have been measured, either chemically or gravimetrically, and compared with those calculated by using a model that allows evaporative loss from a cup of known geometry to be predicted under various environmental conditions. We discuss some steps that may be taken to minimize evaporative loss and give an example to demonstrate that analytical error from this source can be decreased to a routine 1-2% or less by selecting a particular cup design.


Key Words: microliter samples • analytical error • sample-cup geometry • predicting and preventing evaporative loss • centrifugal analyzer • pediatric chemistry

Submitted on August 22, 1975






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Copyright © 1975 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.