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Clinical Chemistry 21: 1121-1127, 1975;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 21, 1121-1127, Copyright © 1975 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Erythrocyte Protoporphyrin in the Detection of Iron Deficiency

Gordon D. McLaren 1, John T. Carpenter Jr. 1, and Hipolito V. Nino 1

1 Nutritional Biochemistry Section of the Bureau of Laboratories, Center for Disease Control, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of HEW, Atlanta, Ga. 30333; and the Department of Medicine (Hematology), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga.

Center for Disease Control (Attn: H. V. Nino), Bureau of Laboratories, Clinical Chemistry Division, Analytical Biochemistry Branch, Nutritional Biochemistry Section, Atlanta, Ga. 30333.

Any decrease in the availability of iron for incorporation into the heme moieties of hemoglobin results in an increase in the erythrocyte protoporphyrin concentration. Our aim was to compare protoporphyrin concentrations, determined spectrophotometrically, with body iron stores, as assessed from the amount of iron demonstrable by Prussian blue staining of bone marrow aspirates. The mean protoporphyrin concentration (175 µg/dl) in the erythrocytes of a group of patients with markedly decreased stainable marrow iron or no iron Was Significantly Greater (P < .001) than the mean concentration (76 µg/dl) in a comparable group with adequate bone marrow iron stores, except in the presence of certain interfering conditions. These results suggest that the erythrocyte protoporphyrin test may be a useful addition to the methods now available for assessing disorders of heme synthesis, the most common of which is iron deficiency.


Key Words: bone marrow iron • diagnostic aids • lead exposure • method evaluation • nutritional biochemistry • population surveys

Submitted on March 14, 1975
Accepted on April 30, 1975




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