Clinical Chemistry
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Clinical Chemistry 24: 95-100, 1978;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 24, 95-100, Copyright © 1978 by American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Homogeneous enzyme immunoassay for cannabinoids in urine

R Rodgers, CP Crowl, WM Eimstad, MW Hu, JK Kam, RC Ronald, GL Rowley and EF Ullman

We describe a homogeneous enzyme immunoassay for measurement of cannabinoid metabolites, as well as delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (I) in urine. Malate dehydrogenase from pig heart mitochondria was labeled with a derivative of I. The compound used to calibrate the assay was the I metabolite, 11-nor-delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid (II). With 15 microgram of II per liter of urine as the cutoff concentration, the assay can detect 25 microgram of II per liter with greater than 95% confidence. A positive response was obtained for urine specimens assayed within 30 min after exposure to cannabinoids. However, the persistence of metabolites of I in urine indicates that assay of this fluid is useful as an indicator of cannabinoid use but not as an indicator of intoxication.


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R. H. Schwartz and R. L. Hawks
Laboratory Detection of Marijuana Use
JAMA, August 9, 1985; 254(6): 788 - 792.
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Copyright © 1978 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.