Clinical Chemistry
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Clinical Chemistry 27: 434-436, 1981;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 27, 434-436, Copyright © 1981 by American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Rapid liquid-chromatographic determination of metformin in plasma and urine

BG Charles, NW Jacobsen and PJ Ravenscroft

We describe an analysis for metformin in plasma and urine by use of cation-exchange "high-performance" liquid chromatography. The assay requires only 0.5 mL of sample and involves pretreatment with trichloroacetic acid containing an internal standard (1- propylbiguanide), followed by centrifugation and injection into the chromatograph. The column eluent is monitored at 230 nm. Metformin and 1-propylbiguanide give retention times of 8 and 10 min, respectively. Within-day and between-day precision (CV) for the assay of plasma containing 2 mg (1.2 X 10(-5) mol) of metformin hydrochloride per liter was 3.6 and 3.9%, respectively. Similar precision was obtained for urine. The limit of detection is about 0.1 mg (6.0 X 10(-7) mol) of metformin hydrochloride per liter. Several commonly used drugs, including other oral hypoglycemic agents, do not interfere with this method.


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R. A. DeFronzo, A. M. Goodman, and The Multicenter Metformin Study Group
Efficacy of Metformin in Patients with Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
N. Engl. J. Med., August 31, 1995; 333(9): 541 - 549.
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Copyright © 1981 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.