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Clinical Chemistry 29: 1641-1658, 1983;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 29, 1641-1658, Copyright © 1983 by American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Molecular markers of hemostatic disorders: implications in the diagnosis and therapeutic management of thrombotic and bleeding disorders

J Fareed, RL Bick, G Squillaci, JM Walenga and EW Bermes Jr

With current technological advances, it is now possible to measure in less than 50 microL of plasma picomolar amounts of circulating products of platelet activation, products of protease activation related to coagulation and fibrinolytic pathways, and prostaglandin metabolites formed during a physiologic or pathologic process. Most of these markers, which circulate in blood in nanogram or picogram amounts per milliliter during or after pathologic activation, provide pertinent information on the status of a patient in terms of specificity and early detection, and will be of crucial value in the diagnosis of hemostatic defects and the management of newer antithrombotic drugs that cannot be monitored by currently available assays. Currently, 125I- and 3H-based simple radioimmunoassays are available for platelet factor 4, beta-thromboglobulin, fibrinopeptide A, B beta 15-42 related peptides, thromboxane B2, and the prostaglandins 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and PGE2. Nonisotopic methods such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and fluoroimmunoassays are being developed. Serotonin and ADP, products of platelet activation, are measurable by liquid-chromatographic, immunoenzymatic, and spectrophotofluorometric methods. Analytical methods for fibrin split products (fragments D and E) and serine protease inhibitor complexes such as thrombin-antithrombin-III, factor Xa-antithrombin-III, and kallikrein-C1-esterase are also being developed. We have evaluated all of these methods and found them to be very sensitive to those components of endogenous activation of the hemostatic system listed above.


The following articles in journals at HighWire Press have cited this article:


Home page
 CLIN APPL THROMB HEMOSTHome page
R. L. Bick
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation: A Review of Etiology, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management: Guidelines for Care
Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis, January 1, 2002; 8(1): 1 - 31.
[PDF]

Home page
 Eur Heart JHome page
S. Kamath, A.D. Blann, and G.Y.H. Lip
Platelet activation: assessment and quantification
Eur. Heart J., September 1, 2001; 22(17): 1561 - 1571.
[PDF]

Home page
 CLIN APPL THROMB HEMOSTHome page
J. Fareed, R. L. Bick, D. A. Hoppensteadt, and E. W. Bermes
Molecular Markers of Hemostatic Activation: Applications in the Diagnosis of Thrombosis and Vascular and Thrombotic Disorders
Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis, March 1, 1995; 1(2): 87 - 102.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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Copyright © 1983 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.