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Clinical Chemistry 32: 934-937, 1986;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 32, 934-937, Copyright © 1986 by American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Thrombin specificity with tripeptide chromogenic substrates: comparison of human and bovine thrombins with and without fibrinogen clotting activities

SA Sonder and JW Fenton 2d

To assess the thrombin specificity of tripeptide chromogenic substrates, we determined the Michaelis--Menten (Km), catalytic (kcat), and specificity (kcat/Km) constants for S-2238 (H-D-Phe-Pip-Arg-p- nitroanilide), Chromozym-TH (Tos-Gly-Pro-Arg-p-nitroanilide), and Spectrozyme-TH (H-D-hexahydrotyrosyl-Ala-Arg-p-nitroanilide) with high- purity thrombin preparations. Human and bovine alpha-thrombins, prepared by essentially the same procedure, were each greater than 95% in the form of the enzyme (alpha-thrombin) and had a specific fibrinogen-clotting activity greater than 2000 kilo-clotting units per gram of protein (kcu/g). In contrast, human gamma- and bovine beta- thrombins, made by controlled passage of alpha-thrombin through trypsin agarose, were greater than 98% of their respective forms and had fibrinogen-clotting activity less than 1 kcu/g. With the tripeptide chromogenic substrates these four thrombin forms at pH 7.8 and 23 degrees C had Km values of 1.6 to 16 mol/L, kcat values of 35 to 130 s- 1, and kcat/Km ratios of 4.7 to 52 L X mol-1 X s-1. Although Km for an individual substrate was slightly higher for bovine than for human alpha-thrombins and although Km values for the nonclotting forms (human gamma- and bovine beta-thrombins) were higher than for clotting forms (alpha-thrombins), we found no major differences among the kinetic values for the three substrates.


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Copyright © 1986 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.