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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 33, 1869-1873, Copyright © 1987 by American Association for Clinical Chemistry
EN Siguel, KM Chee, JX Gong and EJ Schaefer
Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111.
To develop criteria for deficiency of essential fatty acids (EFA), we used capillary-column gas-liquid chromatography to determine fatty acids (percentage of total fatty acids) in plasma obtained in the fasting state from 56 reference subjects and from 10 patients with intestinal fat malabsorption and suspected EFA deficiency. Fatty acid evaluations (percentage of total fatty acids) that allowed for a clear distinction (P less than 0.01) between reference subjects and patients, based on values two standard deviations below or above the reference mean, included values for linoleic acid (18:2w6) below 27%, and values for palmitic acid (16:0), palmitoleic acid (16:1w7), oleic acid (18:1w9), vaccenic acid (18:1w7), and Mead acid (20:3w9) exceeding 21%, 2.6%, 23.3%, 2.1%, and 0.21%, respectively. Ratios of total EFA to total non-EFA of less than 0.60 and of Mead acid to arachidonic acid of greater than 0.025 also served to identify patients, and were not found in reference subjects. Significant inverse correlations between percentages of plasma EFA and plasma mono-unsaturated fatty acids were noted. Our reference-interval data can be used to assess normality of plasma EFA status.
The following articles in journals at HighWire Press have cited this article:
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  K. Gura, R. Strijbosch, S. Arnold, C. McPherson, and M. Puder The Role of an Intravenous Fat Emulsion Composed of Fish Oil in a Parenteral Nutrition-Dependent Patient With Hypertriglyceridemia Nutr Clin Pract, December 1, 2007; 22(6): 664 - 672. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 I. Durieu, F. Abbas-Chorfa, J. Drai, J. Iwaz, J-P. Steghens, M. Puget, R. Ecochard, and G. Bellon Plasma fatty acids and lipid hydroperoxides increase after antibiotic therapy in cystic fibrosis Eur. Respir. J., May 1, 2007; 29(5): 958 - 964. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 E. E Birch, D. R Hoffman, Y. S Castaneda, S. L Fawcett, D. G Birch, and R. D Uauy A randomized controlled trial of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation of formula in term infants after weaning at 6 wk of age Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2002; 75(3): 570 - 580. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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E. J Schaefer Lipoproteins, nutrition, and heart disease Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, February 1, 2002; 75(2): 191 - 212. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. R Burgess, L. Stevens, W. Zhang, and L. Peck Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2000; 71(1): 327S - 330S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 R. H. Glew Response to Dr Siguel JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr, November 1, 1998; 22(6): 401 - 402. [PDF]
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E. Siguel Identification and Quantification of Fatty Acids JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr, November 1, 1998; 22(6): 401 - 401. [PDF]
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 E. Siguel and K. L. Gould Diagnosing Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency • Response Circulation, June 30, 1998; 97(25): 2580 - 2583. [Full Text] [PDF]
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E. Siguel Essential Fatty Acid Status in Patients JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr, July 1, 1997; 21(4): 243 - 243. [PDF]
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