Clinical Chemistry
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Clinical Chemistry 35: 396-399, 1989;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 35, 396-399, Copyright © 1989 by American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme pattern in sera of patients with malignant diseases

EE Giannoulaki, DL Kalpaxis, C Tentas and P Fessas
First Department of Internal Medicine, General State Hospital Agios Andreas, Patras, Greece.

Total lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; EC 1.1.1.27) activity and the percentage distribution of LDH isoenzymes were determined in 127 patients with malignant diseases. A shift in the isoenzyme patterns was observed toward the M-type, with an increase in the percentage of LDH-4 and LDH-5 isoenzymes and a slight increase in total LDH activity of all patients. Serum samples from 68 of the patients contained an abnormal isoenzyme of LDH, "LDH-1 ex," that, on agarose gel electrophoresis at pH 8.6, migrated between albumin and LDH-1 isoenzyme. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or surgical removal of the tumor was accompanied by disappearance of this abnormal isoenzyme. The heat stability of LDH-1 ex isoenzyme appears to be similar to that of LDH-1 but greater than that of the other LDH isoenzymes. Statistical analysis of these data demonstrated a significant correlation between malignancy and the appearance of LDH-1 ex isoenzyme (P less than 0.001). In contrast, the relationship between LDH-1 ex isoenzyme and metastasis or anatomical location of the malignancy is not statistically important (P less than 0.1).




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Copyright © 1989 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.