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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 36, 2019-2026, Copyright © 1990 by American Association for Clinical Chemistry
JJ Albers, SM Marcovina and MS Lodge
Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle.
Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] represents a class of lipoprotein particles defined by the presence of apolipoprotein(a), a unique glycoprotein linked by a disulfide bond to apolipoprotein B-100 to form a single macromolecule. Apolipoprotein(a) is formed by three different structural domains having high amino acid sequence homology with plasminogen. One of the domains, called kringle 4, is present in multiple copies, the number of which varies and is genetically determined. This accounts for the size heterogeneity of apolipoprotein(a) and thus of Lp(a). Because high concentrations of Lp(a) are associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease and may inhibit fibrinolysis, interest in measuring Lp(a) has increased considerably, leading to a rapid development of commercially available immunoassays for the measurement of Lp(a) in human plasma. However, the immunochemical measurement of Lp(a) has several peculiar problems in addition to those encountered by the measurements of other apolipoproteins. The major problems that need to be carefully evaluated are (a) the structural complexity and heterogeneity of Lp(a), (b) the homology of apolipoprotein(a) with plasminogen, (c) the lack of standardization of the methods, and (d) the lack of a common means of expressing the Lp(a) values.
The following articles in journals at HighWire Press have cited this article:
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R. A. Hegele, W. C. Breckenridge, J. H. Brunt, and P. W. Connelly Genetic Variation in Factor VII Associated with Variation in Plasma Lipoprotein(a) Concentration Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., September 1, 1997; 17(9): 1701 - 1706. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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 N. H. Bjarnason, K. Bjarnason, J. Haarbo, H. J.T. C. Bennink, and C. Christiansen Tibolone: Influence on Markers of Cardiovascular Disease J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., June 1, 1997; 82(6): 1752 - 1756. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. W. Haider, F. Andreotti, G. R. Thompson, C. Kluft, A. Maseri, and G. J. Davies Serum Lipoprotein(a) Level Is Related to Thrombin Generation and Spontaneous Intermittent Coronary Occlusion in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Circulation, November 1, 1996; 94(9): 2072 - 2076. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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I. Bolibar, S. G. Thompson, A. von Eckardstein, M. Sandkamp, and G. Assmann Dose-Response Relationships of Serum Lipid Measurements With the Extent of Coronary Stenosis : Strong, Independent, and Comprehensive Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., August 1, 1995; 15(8): 1035 - 1042. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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D. J. Moliterno, E. V. Jokinen, A. R. Miserez, R. A. Lange, J. E. Willard, E. Boerwinkle, L. D. Hillis, and H. H. Hobbs No Association Between Plasma Lipoprotein(a) Concentrations and the Presence or Absence of Coronary Atherosclerosis in African-Americans Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., July 1, 1995; 15(7): 850 - 855. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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R. L. Desmarais, I. J. Sarembock, C. R. Ayers, S. M. Vernon, E. R. Powers, and L. W. Gimple Elevated Serum Lipoprotein(a) Is a Risk Factor for Clinical Recurrence After Coronary Balloon Angioplasty Circulation, March 1, 1995; 91(5): 1403 - 1409. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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 R. J. Valentine Lipoprotein(a): A New Risk Factor for Vascular Disease Perspectives in Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, January 1, 1992; 5(2): 84 - 99. [PDF]
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