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Clinical Chemistry 37: 1419-1423, 1991;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 37, 1419-1423, Copyright © 1991 by American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Serum lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme 4/5 ratio discriminates between hepatocarcinoma and secondary liver neoplasia

G Castaldo, G Oriani, L Cimino, M Topa, G Budillon, F Salvatore and L Sacchetti
Dipartimento di Biochimica e Biotecnologie Mediche, Universita di Napoli Federico II, Italy.

Total lactate dehydrogenase (LD; EC 1.1.1.27) and its five isoenzymes were determined in sera from (a) 98 cases of cirrhosis at various stages classified according to Child and Turcotte; (b) 37 cases of hepatocarcinoma (HC) at different stages of the Okuda classification; (c) 17 patients with secondary liver neoplasia (SLN), mainly from an abdominal primary site; and (d) 19 cases of abdominal neoplasia without liver metastasis, in an attempt to contribute to the differential diagnosis between these conditions. LD-4 was enhanced in SLN and LD-5 in HC, thus indicating the LD-4/LD-5 ratio as a potential index with which to differentiate between HC and SLN patients. At a cutoff value of 1.05, 91% of these patients were correctly classified (82% for SLN and 95% for HC). Consequently, this biochemical index appears to be an efficient and rapid indicator to distinguish HC from SLN. On the other hand, the LD isoenzymes are unable to discriminate between HC and cirrhosis or between abdominal neoplasia with and without liver metastases.




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Copyright © 1991 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.