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Clinical Chemistry 38: 1601-1607, 1992;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 38, 1601-1607, Copyright © 1992 by American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Pulse oximetry: theory and applications for noninvasive monitoring

Y Mendelson
Biomedical Engineering Department, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, MA 01609.

Noninvasive measurement of arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) by pulse oximetry is widely acknowledged to be one of the most important technological advances in monitoring clinical patients. Pulse oximeters compute SaO2 by measuring differences in the visible and near infrared absorbances of fully oxygenated and deoxygenated arterial blood. Unlike clinical blood gas analyzers, which require a sample of blood from the patient and can provide only intermittent measurement of patient oxygenation, pulse oximeters provide continuous, safe, and instantaneous measurement of blood oxygenation. Here I review the theoretical background behind this advanced technology, instrumentation requirements, practical instrument calibration, common features of commercial pulse oximeters, specific clinical applications, and performance limitations of pulse oximeters.


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Copyright © 1992 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.