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Clinical Chemistry 38: 1608-1612, 1992;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 38, 1608-1612, Copyright © 1992 by American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Noninvasive imaging and spectroscopy--broad applications of magnetic resonance

PA Hornung and N Schuff
Varian Associates, Palo Alto, CA 94304.

The present utility of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in chemical analysis and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the clinical environment has made this technology commonplace in the chemical industry, clinical medicine, and academic research. The attributes of nuclear magnetism that make the technique especially powerful in biology are discussed. This paper reviews the uses of NMR and MRI, with an emphasis on spatially resolved applications. These applications include imaging, localized spectroscopy, flow sensing, and diffusion mapping from using magnetic-field gradients. The limits of spatially resolved NMR and imaging will be examined in terms of both scientific principles and engineering practice. Block diagrams of both imaging and spectroscopy apparatus are presented and technical requirements of the critical components are discussed. Developing trends in sensing probes, magnets, and applications are highlighted.




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Copyright © 1992 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.