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Clinical Chemistry 4: 32-42, 1958;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 4, 32-42, Copyright © 1958 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Chronic Alkalosis with Damage to the Central Nervous System

Samuel Natelson 1

1 Department of Biochemistry, Rockford Memorial Hospital, Rockford, Ill.

A condition of chronic alkalosis has been described with central nervous system damage. This syndrome is characterized by alkaline blood pH, and elevated total CO2 levels, associated with central nervous system damage. It is apparently caused by sodium retention as indicated from the sodium to chloride ratios in the urine excreted by these patients. In alkalosis, the output of fluid is often greater than the input. Sodium chloride solutions intravenously tend to aggravate the alkalosis. Potassium chloride or ammonium chloride will relieve the alkalosis only temporarily. Pitressin will not correct the abnormal sodium to chloride ratios in the urine. A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (Diamox) will lower the CO2 levels, and correct the blood pH. Its action seems to be due to its ability to correct the sodium to chloride ratios in the urine excreted. The effect of Diamox will persist for several days after its administration.

Submitted on August 10, 1957






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Copyright © 1958 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.