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Clinical Chemistry 40: 2260-2266, 1994;
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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 40, 2260-2266, Copyright © 1994 by American Association for Clinical Chemistry

Detection of alpha-thalassemias by multiplex polymerase chain reaction

LJ Bowie, PL Reddy, M Nagabhushan and P Sevigny
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Evanston Hospital, IL 60201-1783.

Although alpha-thalassemia is the most common genetic abnormality in the world, there is currently no routine laboratory method to definitively identify individuals who are affected. We describe a rapid and simple method that utilizes deletion-sensitive primers to amplify normal DNA sequences. Deletions involving the regions responsible for most of the alpha-thalassemia cases in the US prevent amplification with these primers. In tests with DNA isolated from small amounts (10 microL) of whole blood, the deletion-sensitive primers gave rise to the expected 248- and 375-bp (base pair) amplification products in normal individuals. These primers, along with primers designed to bind to a nonaffected control sequence from the hemoglobin beta chain, could be amplified simultaneously (multiplex polymerase chain reaction). This made it possible to detect heterozygotes for alpha-thalassemia-2 (one alpha locus deleted) by determining the ratios of the 248- and 375-bp amplification products to the product of the control sequence (268 bp). The method is rapid and simple and can be performed in a routine clinical laboratory.


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Copyright © 1994 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.