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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 41, 170-172, Copyright © 1995 by American Association for Clinical Chemistry
AM Scanu
Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL 60637.
Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], a variant of low-density lipoprotein, is heterogeneous in density because of variability in the content and composition of its core lipids and size polymorphism of its specific glycoprotein component, apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)]. In some individuals, density polymorphism may also derive from the fact that Lp(a) contains 2 mol of apo(a) per mole of apoB100, contrary to the more common 1:1 molar stoichiometry. Moreover, the size of apo(a) is polymorphic because of variations in the number of kringle 4 type 2 repeats. Another type of apo(a) polymorphism is related to sequence mutations at the kringle level. Two mutations can occur in kringle 4 type 10: one, Trp72-->Arg, is affiliated with an Lp(a) that is lysine- binding defective; the other, Met66-->Thr, with a normal lysine-binding function. Thus, Lp(a) is structurally and functionally polymorphic, a notion that must be considered in assessing the cardiovascular pathogenicity of this lipoprotein variant and in immunoquantification assays.
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I. J. Kullo, K. R. Bailey, L. F. Bielak, P. F. Sheedy II, G. G. Klee, S. L. Kardia, P. A. Peyser, E. Boerwinkle, and S. T. Turner Lack of Association Between Lipoprotein(a) and Coronary Artery Calcification in the Genetic Epidemiology Network of Arteriopathy (GENOA) Study Mayo Clin. Proc., October 1, 2004; 79(10): 1258 - 1263. [Abstract] [PDF]
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 P. W. F. Wilson and W. B. Kannel Should We Measure Lipoprotein Lp(a)? Arch Intern Med, June 9, 1997; 157(11): 1161 - 1162. [Abstract] [PDF]
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