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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 41, 1504-1508, Copyright © 1995 by American Association for Clinical Chemistry
LH Breimer, G Wannamethee, S Ebrahim and AG Shaper
Department of Clinical Pathology, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, UK.
The possibility that low concentrations of serum bilirubin may be associated with increased risk of ischemic heart disease has been examined in a prospective study of 7685 middle-aged British men. During 11.5 years there were 737 major ischemic heart disease (IHD) events. A U-shaped relationship was observed between serum bilirubin and risk of IHD. Low bilirubin was associated with several cardiovascular risk factors, in particular smoking, low concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low forced expiratory volume in 1 s, and low serum albumin. The U-shaped relationship persisted even after adjusting for several risk factors. Compared with men in the lowest fifth of the distribution (bilirubin < 7 mumol/L), those in the middle range (8-9 mumol/L) showed a 30% reduction in relative risk [RR = 0.68 (95% confidence intervals 0.51-0.89)] in IHD, whereas men in the top fifth (> 12 mumol/L) showed similar risk to the lowest fifth [RR = 0.99 (95% confidence intervals 0.73-1.34)], which persisted after exclusion of men with bilirubin > 17 mumol/L. The significance of this U-shaped relationship is unclear, but it could be interpreted as support for the role of endogenous antioxidants in the etiology of IHD.
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