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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 41, 375-380, Copyright © 1995 by American Association for Clinical Chemistry
J Colls, C Betterle, M Volpato, L Prentice, BR Smith and J Furmaniak
FIRS Laboratories, RSR Ltd., Llanishen, Cardiff, UK.
Adrenal autoantibodies characteristic of autoimmune Addison disease are directed towards steroid 21-hydroxylase (21-OH; EC 1.14.99.10). We describe a new assay to measure 21-OH autoantibodies (21-OH Abs), based on immunoprecipitation by the antibodies of 35S-labeled human 21-OH. Using this immunoprecipitation assay (IPA), we detected 21-OH Abs in 42 of 64 (66%) patients with Addison disease and in 14 of 19 (74%) patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes type I and type II. No 21-OH Abs were detected by the IPA in any patients with Addison disease attributable to tuberculosis (n = 9) or adrenoleukodystrophy (n = 9) or in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (n = 28), systemic lupus erythematosus (n = 10), myasthenia gravis (n = 10), rheumatoid arthritis (n = 10), or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (n = 12). None of the 26 sera from healthy normal blood donors was positive for 21-OH Abs by the assay. We found good agreement between 21-OH Abs measured by IPA and by Western blotting (r = 0.83, n = 123, P < 0.001). The inter- and intraassay CVs for IPA were well < 10% at high, medium, and low concentrations of 21-OH Abs. Overall, our studies indicate that the IPA provides a specific, sensitive, and convenient system for measuring 21-OH Abs.
The following articles in journals at HighWire Press have cited this article:
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  J. M. Barker, A. Ide, C. Hostetler, L. Yu, D. Miao, P. R. Fain, G. S. Eisenbarth, and P. A. Gottlieb Endocrine and Immunogenetic Testing in Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes and 21-Hydroxylase Autoantibodies: Addison's Disease in a High-Risk Population J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2005; 90(1): 128 - 134. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Falorni, S. Laureti, A. De Bellis, R. Zanchetta, C. Tiberti, G. Arnaldi, V. Bini, P. Beck-Peccoz, A. Bizzarro, F. Dotta, et al. Italian Addison Network Study: Update of Diagnostic Criteria for the Etiological Classification of Primary Adrenal Insufficiency J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 2004; 89(4): 1598 - 1604. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 C. Betterle, C. Dal Pra, F. Mantero, and R. Zanchetta Autoimmune Adrenal Insufficiency and Autoimmune Polyendocrine Syndromes: Autoantibodies, Autoantigens, and Their Applicability in Diagnosis and Disease Prediction Endocr. Rev., June 1, 2002; 23(3): 327 - 364. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Söderbergh, F. Rorsman, M. Halonen, O. Ekwall, P. Björses, O. Kämpe, and E. S. Husebye Autoantibodies against Aromatic L-Amino Acid Decarboxylase Identifies a Subgroup of Patients with Addison's Disease J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 2000; 85(1): 460 - 463. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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C. Betterle, M. Volpato, B. Pedini, S. Chen, B. Rees Smith, and J. Furmaniak Adrenal-Cortex Autoantibodies and Steroid-Producing Cells Autoantibodies in Patients with Addison's Disease: Comparison of Immunofluorescence and Immunoprecipitation Assays J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., February 1, 1999; 84(2): 618 - 622. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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L. Yu, K. W. Brewer, S. Gates, A. Wu, T. Wang, S. R. Babu, P. A. Gottlieb, B. M. Freed, J. Noble, H. A. Erlich, et al. DRB104 and DQ Alleles: Expression of 21-Hydroxylase Autoantibodies and Risk of Progression to Addison's Disease J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., January 1, 1999; 84(1): 328 - 335. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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S. Laureti, A. De Bellis, V. I. Muccitelli, F. Calcinaro, A. Bizzarro, R. Rossi, A. Bellastella, F. Santeusanio, and A. Falorni Levels of Adrenocortical Autoantibodies Correlate with the Degree of Adrenal Dysfunction in Subjects with Preclinical Addison's Disease J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., October 1, 1998; 83(10): 3507 - 3511. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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S. Chen, J. Sawicka, L. Prentice, J. F. Sanders, H. Tanaka, V. Petersen, C. Betterle, M. Volpato, S. Roberts, M. Powell, et al. Analysis of Autoantibody Epitopes on Steroid 21-Hydroxylase Using a Panel of Monoclonal Antibodies J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., August 1, 1998; 83(8): 2977 - 2986. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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C. Betterle, N. A. Greggio, and M. Volpato Autoimmune Polyglandular Syndrome Type 1 J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 1998; 83(4): 1049 - 1055. [Full Text]
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H. Tanaka, M. S. Perez, M. Powell, J. F. Sanders, J. Sawicka, S. Chen, L. Prentice, T. Asawa, C. Betterle, M. Volpato, et al. Steroid 21-Hydroxylase Autoantibodies: Measurements with a New Immunoprecipitation Assay J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., May 1, 1997; 82(5): 1440 - 1446. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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L. Prentice, J. F. Sanders, M. Perez, R. Kato, J. Sawicka, Y. Oda, D. Jaskolski, J. Furmaniak, and B. R. Smith Thyrotropin (TSH) Receptor Autoantibodies Do Not Appear to Bind to the TSH Receptor Produced in an in Vitro Transcription/Translation System J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., April 1, 1997; 82(4): 1288 - 1292. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. Betterle, M. Volpato, B. R. Smith, J. Furmaniak, S. Chen, N. A. Greggio, M. Sanzari, F. Tedesco, B. Pedini, M. Boscaro, et al. I. Adrenal Cortex and Steroid 21-Hydroxylase Autoantibodies in Adult Patients with Organ-Specific Autoimmune Diseases: Markers of Low Progression to Clinical Addison's Disease J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., March 1, 1997; 82(3): 932 - 938. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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