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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 41, 439-443, Copyright © 1995 by American Association for Clinical Chemistry
G Castaldo, G Oriani, L Cimino, M Topa, G Budillon, F Salvatore and L Sacchetti
Dipartimento di Biochimica e Biotecnologie Mediche, Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Universita di Napoli Federico II, Italy.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HC) is often difficult to distinguish from secondary liver neoplasia (SLN) by physical and imaging diagnostic procedures alone. To this aim we have extended and improved a laboratory approach based on a serum lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme ratio (LD4:LD5) by adding the carcinoembryonic antigen: alpha- fetoprotein ratio, alkaline phosphatase, and serum iron concentrations to obtain a highly efficient discriminant function. In two successive cohorts, for a total of 102 patients, all histologically diagnosed, with a prevalence of HC vs SLN of 3:1, we correctly classified 96% of cases (100% of SLN cases). Subsequent verification with the jackknife reallocation statistical algorithm confirmed these results. In conclusion, this discriminant function based on simple laboratory assays of a few analytes is an important tool in solving a diagnostic dilemma in cases of liver neoplasia.
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