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Clinical Chemistry, Vol 42, 81-90, Copyright © 1996 by American Association for Clinical Chemistry
AW Forrey, CJ McDonald, G DeMoor, SM Huff, D Leavelle, D Leland, T Fiers, L Charles, B Griffin, F Stalling, A Tullis, K Hutchins and J Baenziger
University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
Many laboratories use electronic message standards to transmit results to their clients. If all laboratories used the same "universal" set of test identifiers, electronic transmission of results would be greatly simplified. The Logical Observation Identifier Names and Codes (LOINC) database aims to be such a code system, covering at least 98% of the average laboratory's tests. The LOINC database should be of interest to hospitals, clinical laboratories, doctors' offices, state health departments, governmental healthcare providers, third-party payors, organizations involved in clinical trials, and quality assurance and utilization reviewers. The fifth release of the LOINC database, containing codes, names, and synonyms for approximately 6300 test observations, is now available on the Internet for public use. Here we describe the LOINC database, the methods used to produce it, and how it may be obtained.
The following articles in journals at HighWire Press have cited this article:
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  J. A. Osheroff, J. M. Teich, B. Middleton, E. B. Steen, A. Wright, and D. E. Detmer A Roadmap for National Action on Clinical Decision Support J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc., March 1, 2007; 14(2): 141 - 145. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. N. Khan, S. P. Griffith, C. Moore, D. Russell, A. C. Rosario Jr., and J. Bertolli Standardizing Laboratory Data by Mapping to LOINC J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc., May 1, 2006; 13(3): 353 - 355. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. Choi, M. L. Jenkins, J. J. Cimino, T. M. White, and S. Bakken Toward Semantic Interoperability in Home Health Care: Formally Representing OASIS Items for Integration into a Concept-oriented Terminology J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc., July 1, 2005; 12(4): 410 - 417. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 C. J. McDonald, S. M. Huff, J. G. Suico, G. Hill, D. Leavelle, R. Aller, A. Forrey, K. Mercer, G. DeMoor, J. Hook, et al. LOINC, a Universal Standard for Identifying Laboratory Observations: A 5-Year Update Clin. Chem., April 1, 2003; 49(4): 624 - 633. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. M. White and M. J. Hauan Extending the LOINC Conceptual Schema to Support Standardized Assessment Instruments J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc., November 1, 2002; 9(6): 586 - 599. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. Michael Fitzmaurice, K. Adams, and J. M. Eisenberg Three Decades of Research on Computer Applications in Health Care: Medical Informatics Support at the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc., March 1, 2002; 9(2): 144 - 160. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. D. Aller Connectivity from Source to Action Clin. Chem., August 1, 2001; 47(8): 1521 - 1525. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Coenen, H. F. Marin, H.-A. Park, and S. Bakken Collaborative Efforts for Representing Nursing Concepts in Computer-based Systems: International Perspectives J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc., May 1, 2001; 8(3): 202 - 211. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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S. Bakken, J. J. Cimino, R. Haskell, R. Kukafka, C. Matsumoto, G. K. Chan, and S. M. Huff Evaluation of the Clinical LOINC (Logical Observation Identifiers, Names, and Codes) Semantic Structure as a Terminology Model for Standardized Assessment Measures J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc., November 1, 2000; 7(6): 529 - 538. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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K. A. Zollo and S. M. Huff Automated Mapping of Observation Codes Using Extensional Definitions J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc., November 1, 2000; 7(6): 586 - 592. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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R. Patterson and S. M. Huff The Decline and Fall of Esperanto: Lessons for Standards Committees J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc., November 1, 1999; 6(6): 444 - 446. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 C. J. McDonald Quality Measures and Electronic Medical Systems JAMA, September 22, 1999; 282(12): 1181 - 1182. [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. D. White, L. M. Kolar, and S. J. Steindel Evaluation of Vocabularies for Electronic Laboratory Reporting to Public Health Agencies J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc., May 1, 1999; 6(3): 185 - 194. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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G. Schadow, C. J. McDonald, J. G. Suico, U. Fohring, and T. Tolxdorff Units of Measure in Clinical Information Systems J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc., March 1, 1999; 6(2): 151 - 161. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. J. McDonald, J. M. Overhage, P. R. Dexter, L. Blevins, J. Meeks-Johnson, J. G. Suico, M. C. Tucker, and G. Schadow Canopy Computing: Using the Web in Clinical Practice JAMA, October 21, 1998; 280(15): 1325 - 1329. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. M. Huff, R. A. Rocha, C. J. McDonald, G. J. E. De Moor, T. Fiers, W. D. Bidgood Jr., A. W. Forrey, W. G. Francis, W. R. Tracy, D. Leavelle, et al. Development of the Logical Observation Identifier Names and Codes (LOINC) Vocabulary J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc., May 1, 1998; 5(3): 276 - 292. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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R. H. Dolin, S. M. Huff, R. A. Rocha, K. A. Spackman, and K. E. Campbell Evaluation of a "Lexically Assign, Logically Refine" Strategy for Semi-automated Integration of Overlapping Terminologies J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc., March 1, 1998; 5(2): 203 - 213. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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S. B. Henry and C. N. Mead Nursing Classification Systems: Necessary but not Sufficient for Representing "What Nurses Do" for Inclusion in Computer-based Patient Record Systems J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc., May 1, 1997; 4(3): 222 - 232. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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