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Department of Clinical Chemistry and Central Laboratory, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany.
a Address for correspondence. Abteilung für Klinische Chemie und Zentrallaboratorium, Klinikum der Philipps-Universität, Baldingerstraße, 35033 Marburg, Germany. Fax (+49) 6421 28 5594; e-mail kropf{at}mailer.uni-marburg.de and www.med.uni-marburg.de/labmed.
Development of a new, sensitive immunoassay for measuring transforming
growth factor beta 1 (TGF-ß1) is described and compared with four
commercially available TGF-ß1 immunoassays. Preanalytical conditions
were evaluated. The nonlinearity found in serum or plasma is due to
masking of TGF-ß1 by binding proteins in blood. Mixing TGF-ß1 with
latency-associated peptide or 
2-macroglobulin at
physiological concentrations suppressed most of the TGF-ß1 signal.
Plasma fibronectin showed no effect, even at concentrations exceeding
its physiological range. Equilibrium concentrations computed from a
model system confirmed the experimental results. Dilutional
nonlinearity could be markedly reduced by an appropriately designed
activation procedure that minimized the effects of reassociation
between TGF-ß1 and its binding partners during restoration of a
neutral pH. Plasma should be used for measuring TGF-ß1 in blood.
Because serum TGF-ß1 is highly significantly correlated with the
platelet count, probably most of the TGF-ß1 is released by platelet
degranulation.
The following articles in journals at HighWire Press have cited this article:
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 A M Hammad, H M Youssef, and M M El-Arman Transforming growth factor beta 1 in children with systemic lupus erythematosus: a possible relation with clinical presentation of lupus nephritis Lupus, September 1, 2006; 15(9): 608 - 612. [Abstract] [PDF]
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 F. M. Omer, J. B. de Souza, P. H. Corran, A. A. Sultan, and E. M. Riley Activation of Transforming Growth Factor {beta} by Malaria Parasite-derived Metalloproteinases and a Thrombospondin-like Molecule J. Exp. Med., December 15, 2003; 198(12): 1817 - 1827. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 N. YEVDOKIMOVA, N. A. WAHAB, and R. M. MASON Thrombospondin-1 Is the Key Activator of TGF-{beta}1 in Human Mesangial Cells Exposed to High Glucose J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., April 1, 2001; 12(4): 703 - 712. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 B. M. Coupes, S. Williams, I. S. D. Roberts, C. D. Short, and P. E. C. Brenchley Plasma transforming growth factor {beta}1 and platelet activation: implications for studies in transplant recipients Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., February 1, 2001; 16(2): 361 - 367. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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