Clinical Chemistry
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Clinical Chemistry 43: 2155-2163, 1997;
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(Clinical Chemistry. 1997;43:2155-2163.)
© 1997 American Association for Clinical Chemistry, Inc.

Articles

Disappearance of human chorionic gonadotropin and its {alpha}- and ß-subunits after term pregnancy

Juha Korhonena, Henrik Alfthan, Pekka Ylöstalo, Johannes Veldhuis1 and Ulf-Håkan Stenman

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Clinical Chemistry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 2, FIN-00290 Helsinki, Finland.
1 Department of Internal Medicine, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, and National Science Foundation Center for Biological Timing, Charlottesville, VA 22908.
a Author for correspondence. Fax 358-9-4714801; e-mail ulf-hakan, stenman{at}huch.fi

We have used high-specificity and precision immunofluorometric assays to measure the elimination half-times of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), hCG{alpha}, and hCGß in serum over 21 days after delivery in six women with term pregnancies. Baseline concentrations and half-times were calculated with the use of a curve-fitting algorithm for multiexponential decay. In contrast to the two-component model, a three-component exponential function with baseline provided a fit for which predicted values could not be distinguished from the observed values by analysis of variance. Median half-times were 3.6, 18.0, and 53.0 h for hCG; 1.0, 23.4, and 194 h for hCGß; and 0.6, 6.2, and 21.9 h for hCG{alpha}. The mean ratio of hCG{alpha} to hCG decreased rapidly from 36.9% to 3.3% on day 3; thereafter it increased to 64.3% 21 days after delivery because of a higher baseline concentration of hCG{alpha}. hCGß had the slowest total elimination rate, and the ratio of hCGß to hCG in serum increased from 0.8% before delivery to 26.7% after 21 days. If the metabolism of hCG and hCGß is similar in patients with trophoblastic disease, the ratio of hCGß to hCG must be evaluated with caution in samples taken several days after initiating therapy. We conclude that the disappearance of hCGß from plasma is slower than previously recognized and that the ratios of hCGß or hCG{alpha} to intact hCG vary as a function of postpartum time. Such information may be important in clinical studies of pregnancy disorders.




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