| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Articles |
Departments of
1
Endocrinology and
2
Clinical Chemistry, University of Lund, Malmö University Hospital, S-205 05 Malmö, Sweden
a Address correspondence to this author, at: Wallenberg Laboratory, Entrance 46, 2nd Fl., Malmö University Hospital, S-205 05 Malmö, Sweden. Fax +46 40 337041; e-mail Henrik.Borg{at}medforsk.mas.lu.se
Islet cell antibodies (ICA), the classical autoimmunity marker for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), are detected in ~85% of children with recently diagnosed diabetes. Because the ICA assay is semiquantitative and difficult to standardize, alternative assays are needed. When glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD 65) was discovered as a major islet antigen, the measurement of antibodies to GAD 65 (GADA) was considered a good alternative to ICA. Recently, however, we showed that 1 in 3 ICA-positive diabetic patients do not have GADA. Now, antibodies against the protein tyrosine phosphatase-like protein IA2 (IA2-ab) have been detected in IDDM. To find out whether measurements of IA2-ab combined with those of GADA could detect autoimmunity to the same extent as ICA, we have measured all three kinds of antibodies (using radioligand binding assays for IA2-ab and GADA) in 100 recently diagnosed diabetic and 100 control children: ICA were found in 87, IA2-ab in 69, and GADA in 66 of the 100 diabetic patients, whereas in the 100 control children ICA were found in 2, IA2-ab in 1, and GADA in 3. Among the 87 ICA-positive patients, 45 (52%) had both IA2-ab and GADA, 21 (24%) had only IA2-ab, and 16 (18%) had only GADA, whereas 5 (6%) lacked both IA2-ab and GADA. Among the 13 ICA-negative patients, 1 (8%) had both IA2-ab and GADA, 2 (15%) had only IA2-ab, and 4 (31%) had only GADA. Thus, 6 of the 100 patients had neither ICA, IA2-ab, nor GADA. Combining the IA2-ab and GADA assays gave positive results for autoimmunity in 89 of the 100 patients, compared with 87 by the ICA assay. The combination of the IA2-ab and GADA assays appears to be an effective alternative to the ICA assay.
The following articles in journals at HighWire Press have cited this article:
|
|
 |
|
  M. Henricsson, L. Nystrom, G. Blohme, J. Ostman, C. Kullberg, M. Svensson, A. Scholin, H. J. Arnqvist, E. Bjork, J. Bolinder, et al. The Incidence of Retinopathy 10 Years After Diagnosis in Young Adult People With Diabetes: Results from the nationwide population-based Diabetes Incidence Study in Sweden (DISS) Diabetes Care, February 1, 2003; 26(2): 349 - 354. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 W. E. Winter, N. Harris, and D. Schatz Immunological Markers in the Diagnosis and Prediction of Autoimmune Type 1a Diabetes Clin. Diabetes, October 1, 2002; 20(4): 183 - 191. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Borg, A. Gottsater, P. Fernlund, and G. Sundkvist A 12-Year Prospective Study of the Relationship Between Islet Antibodies and {beta}-Cell Function At and After the Diagnosis in Patients With Adult-Onset Diabetes Diabetes, June 1, 2002; 51(6): 1754 - 1762. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 H. Borg, A. Gottsater, M. Landin-Olsson, P. Fernlund, and G. Sundkvist High Levels of Antigen-Specific Islet Antibodies Predict Future {beta}-Cell Failure in Patients with Onset of Diabetes in Adult Age J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., July 1, 2001; 86(7): 3032 - 3038. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. R. Batstra, A. van Driel, J. S. Petersen, C. A. van Donselaar, M. J. van Tol, G. J. Bruining, D. E. Grobbee, T. Dyrberg, and H.-J. Aanstoot Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies in Screening for Autoimmune Diabetes: Influence of Comorbidity, Age, and Sex on Specificity and Threshold Values Clin. Chem., December 1, 1999; 45(12): 2269 - 2272. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
