Clinical Chemistry
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Clinical Chemistry 43: 1280-1288, 1997;
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(Clinical Chemistry. 1997;43:1280-1288.)
© 1997 American Association for Clinical Chemistry, Inc.

Doping in Sport Symposium

Issues in detecting abuse of xenobiotic anabolic steroids and testosterone by analysis of athletes' urine

Don H. Catlin1,2,a, Caroline K. Hatton1 and Sanja H. Starcevic1

Departments of
1 Molecular and Medical Pharmacology and
2 Medicine, University of California–Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA. 90025-6106.
a Address correspondence to this author, at: UCLA Olympic Analytical Laboratory, 2122 Granville Ave., Los Angeles, CA. 90025-6106. Fax 310-206-9077; e-mail dcatlin{at}UCLA.edu


Abstract

Over the last decade the number of laboratories accredited by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) has grown to 25. Nearly half of the ~90 000 samples tested annually are collected on short notice—the most effective means to deter the use of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS). The major urinary metabolites of AAS have been characterized and are identified by their chromatographic retention times and full or partial mass spectra. The process of determining if an athlete has used testosterone (T) begins with finding a T to epitestosterone (E) ratio >6 and continues with a review of the T/E–time profile. For the user who discontinues taking T, the T/E reverts to baseline (typically ~ 1.0). For the extremely rare athlete with a naturally increased T/E ratio, the T/E remains chronically increased. Short-acting formulations of T transiently increase T/E, and E administration lowers it. Among ancillary tests to help discriminate between naturally increased T/E values and those reflecting T use, the most promising is determination of the carbon isotope ratio.


Key Words: indexing terms: sports medicine • epitestosterone




The following articles in journals at HighWire Press have cited this article:


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Doping Control for the Team Physician: A Review of Drug Testing Procedures in Sport
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C Saudan, N Baume, N Robinson, L Avois, P Mangin, and M Saugy
Testosterone and doping control
Br. J. Sports Med., July 1, 2006; 40(suppl_1): i21 - i24.
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C. Wang, D. H. Catlin, B. Starcevic, D. Heber, C. Ambler, N. Berman, G. Lucas, A. Leung, K. Schramm, P. W. N. Lee, et al.
Low-Fat High-Fiber Diet Decreased Serum and Urine Androgens in Men
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R. Aguilera, C. K. Hatton, and D. H. Catlin
Detection of Epitestosterone Doping by Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry
Clin. Chem., April 1, 2002; 48(4): 629 - 636.
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R. Aguilera, T. E. Chapman, B. Starcevic, C. K. Hatton, and D. H. Catlin
Performance Characteristics of a Carbon Isotope Ratio Method for Detecting Doping with Testosterone Based on Urine Diols: Controls and Athletes with Elevated Testosterone/Epitestosterone Ratios
Clin. Chem., February 1, 2001; 47(2): 292 - 300.
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A. Strawford, T. Barbieri, M. Van Loan, E. Parks, D. Catlin, N. Barton, R. Neese, M. Christiansen, J. King, and M. K. Hellerstein
Resistance Exercise and Supraphysiologic Androgen Therapy in Eugonadal Men With HIV-Related Weight Loss: A Randomized Controlled Trial
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D. A. Cowan and A. T. Kicman
Doping in Sport: Misuse, Analytical Tests, and Legal Aspects
Clin. Chem., July 1, 1997; 43(7): 1110 - 1113.
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