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Articles |
Institute of Clinical Neuroscience,
1
Psychiatry Section and
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Unit of Neurochemistry, Göteborg University, SE 431 80 Mölndal, Sweden.
2
Innogenetics, Industriepark, Zwijnaarde 7, Box 4, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.
3
Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Neurotec, Karolinska Institute, SE 141 86 Huddinge, Sweden.
Institute of Clinical Neuroscience,
4
Neurology and
5
Epidemiology Sections, Göteborg University, SE 413 45 Göteborg, Sweden.
6
Institute of Geriatric Medicine, University of Health, 58185 Linköping, Sweden.
7
River Valley Hospital, 94128 Piteå, Sweden.
9
The Medical Research Council, Box 7151, 103 88 Stockholm, Sweden.
aAddress correspondence to this author at: Institute of Clinical Neuroscience, Sahlgrenska Universitetssjukhuset/Mölndal, SE 431 80 Mölndal, Sweden. Fax 46-31-7769055; e-mail magnus.sjogren{at}medfak.gu.se.
Background: Tau protein and the 42-amino acid form of ß-amyloid (Aß42) measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have been proposed as potential biochemical diagnostic markers for Alzheimer disease. For the introduction of these assays in clinical practice, adequate reference values are of importance.
Methods: CSF samples were obtained from 231 neurologically and psychiatrically healthy individuals, 21–93 years of age, all with a MiniMental State examination score of 28 or above. Standardized ELISAs were used to measure tau and Aß42 in CSF. Following IFCC recommendations, we used a rank-based method; the 0.90 and 0.10 fractiles were estimated to establish reference values for CSF-tau and CSF-Aß42, respectively. Putative confounding factors, such as the influence of the passage of proteins from peripheral blood to CSF, influence of dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier, and freezing and thawing of CSF, were investigated.
Results: A correlation with age was found for CSF-tau (r = 0.60; P <0.001). Therefore, separate reference values for different age groups were established for CSF-tau: <300 ng/L in the group 21–50 years of age, <450 ng/L in the group 51–70 years of age, and <500 ng/L in the group 71–93 years of age. CSF-Aß42 did not correlate with age (r = -0.045), and the reference value was set to >500 ng/L. No correlation was found between blood-brain barrier function and CSF-tau or CSF-Aß42.
Conclusions: These reference values can be applied when using CSF-tau and CSF-Aß42 in clinical practice.
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