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Articles |
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Cardiovascular Research Center, and Departments of
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Biochemistry and
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Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
aAddress correspondence to this author at: McMaster Bldg., Room 4011c, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave., Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8 Canada. Fax 416-813-6257; e-mail mhaidari{at}sickkids.on.ca.
Background: Body iron status has been implicated in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The main hypothesis is that high iron status is associated with increased oxidation of LDL. We investigated the potential role of ferritin as an additional risk factor promoting atherosclerosis among a young population with coronary artery disease (CAD).
Methods: Four hundred consecutive patients (218 males, 182 females) referred for diagnostic coronary angiography were examined, and risk factors for CAD, lipids, C-reactive protein (CRP), and ferritin concentrations were recorded for all participants.
Results: Ferritin was higher in the male patients with CAD (121 µg/L; range, 56–258 µg/L) than in the men without significant CAD (73 µg/L; range, 32–138 µg/L; P <0.002). Multiple logistic regression analysis, after adjustment for the established coronary risk factors, showed ferritin as an independent discriminating risk factor for CAD (P <0.01). Men in the highest quartile of ferritin had an odds ratio (OR) of 1.62 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.12–2.42; P <0.01] compared with men in the lowest quartile of ferritin. The association between ferritin and CAD was more pronounced in male patients 
50 years (OR = 2.65; 95% CI, 1.35–5.51; P <0.003). Ferritin was significantly higher in diabetic male patients in comparison with nondiabetic male patients [168 µg/L (range, 74–406 µg/L) vs 106 µg/L (range, 44–221 µg/L), respectively; P <0.002]. No association was observed between ferritin and CAD among the female patients.
Conclusion: Our data suggest that increased ferritin might be an independent predictor of premature CAD in male Iranian patients.
The following articles in journals at HighWire Press have cited this article:
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  C. P. Kovesdy, G. H. Lee, and K. Kalantar-Zadeh Serum Ferritin: Deceptively Simple or Simply Deceptive? Lessons Learned From Iron Therapy in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease Journal of Pharmacy Practice, December 1, 2008; 21(6): 411 - 419. [Abstract] [PDF]
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 G. Edgren, M. Reilly, H. Hjalgrim, T. N. Tran, K. Rostgaard, J. Adami, K. Titlestad, A. Shanwell, M. Melbye, and O. Nyren Donation Frequency, Iron Loss, and Risk of Cancer Among Blood Donors J Natl Cancer Inst, April 16, 2008; 100(8): 572 - 579. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 L. R. Zacharski, B. K. Chow, P. S. Howes, G. Shamayeva, J. A. Baron, R. L. Dalman, D. J. Malenka, C. K. Ozaki, and P. W. Lavori Reduction of Iron Stores and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial JAMA, February 14, 2007; 297(6): 603 - 610. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 L. Qi, R. M. van Dam, K. Rexrode, and F. B. Hu Heme Iron From Diet as a Risk Factor for Coronary Heart Disease in Women With Type 2 Diabetes Diabetes Care, January 1, 2007; 30(1): 101 - 106. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 D. L. van der A, J. J.M. Marx, D. E. Grobbee, M. H. Kamphuis, N. A. Georgiou, J. H. van Kats-Renaud, W. Breuer, Z. I. Cabantchik, M. Roest, H. A.M. Voorbij, et al. Non-Transferrin-Bound Iron and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Postmenopausal Women Circulation, April 25, 2006; 113(16): 1942 - 1949. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 C. Falcone, E. Emanuele, A. D'Angelo, M. P. Buzzi, C. Belvito, M. Cuccia, and D. Geroldi Plasma Levels of Soluble Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products and Coronary Artery Disease in Nondiabetic Men Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, May 1, 2005; 25(5): 1032 - 1037. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. E.R. Kartikasari, N. A. Georgiou, F. L.J. Visseren, H. van Kats-Renaud, B. S. van Asbeck, and J. J.M. Marx Intracellular Labile Iron Modulates Adhesion of Human Monocytes to Human Endothelial Cells Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, December 1, 2004; 24(12): 2257 - 2262. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 A. J. W. Branten, D. W. Swinkels, I. S. Klasen, and J. F. M. Wetzels Serum ferritin levels are increased in patients with glomerular diseases and proteinuria Nephrol. Dial. Transplant., November 1, 2004; 19(11): 2754 - 2760. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 G. Ramakrishna, T. W Rooke, and L. T Cooper Iron and peripheral arterial disease: revisiting the iron hypothesis in a different light Vascular Medicine, August 1, 2003; 8(3): 203 - 210. [Abstract] [PDF]
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 S.-A. You, S. R. Archacki, G. Angheloiu, C. S. Moravec, S. Rao, M. Kinter, E. J. Topol, and Q. Wang Proteomic approach to coronary atherosclerosis shows ferritin light chain as a significant marker: evidence consistent with iron hypothesis in atherosclerosis Physiol Genomics, March 18, 2003; 13(1): 25 - 30. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 J. Ma and M. J. Stampfer Body Iron Stores and Coronary Heart Disease Clin. Chem., April 1, 2002; 48(4): 601 - 603. [Full Text] [PDF]
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