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1 Kreatech Biotechnology, Vlierweg 20, 1032 LG Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
2 Laboratory for Cytochemistry and Cytometry, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Wassenaarseweg 72, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands.
3 Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, PO Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
aAuthor for correspondence. E-mail H.J.Tanke{at}lumc.nl.
Background: Microarray platforms will change immunochemical and nucleic acid-based analysis of cell homogenates and body fluids compared with classic analyses. Microarrays use labeled target and immobilized probes, rather than fixed targets and labeled probes. We describe a method for simultaneous labeling of nucleic acids and proteins.
Methods: Horseradish peroxidase- and fluorescein-modified cisplatin derivatives were used for labeling of nucleic acids and proteins. These reagents, called the Universal Linkage System (ULS), bind to sulfur- and nitrogen-donor ligands present in amino acids and nucleotides. For automated screening of proteins and nucleic acids on microarrays, it is advantageous to label these biomolecules without pre- or postpurification procedures. The labeling of antibodies and nucleic acids in whole serum was therefore pursued.
Results: Immunoglobulins in nonpurified serum were labeled efficiently enough to be used for immunochemistry. To investigate whether protein-adapted labeling allowed nucleic acid labeling as well, 1 µg of plasmid DNA was added to 1 µL of serum. DNA and serum proteins were simultaneously labeled, and this labeled DNA could be used as a probe for direct fluorescence in situ hybridization.
Conclusion: ULS provides a direct labeling tool for the (simultaneous) modification of proteins and nucleic acids even in unpurified samples.
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