Clinical Chemistry
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Clinical Chemistry 49: 1763-1773, 2003; 10.1373/49.10.1763
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(Clinical Chemistry. 2003;49:1763-1773.)
© 2003 American Association for Clinical Chemistry, Inc.

Oak Ridge Conference

Detecting Subsecond Dopamine Release with Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry in Vivo

Donita L. Robinson1,2,3, B. Jill Venton1,2, Michael L.A.V. Heien1,2 and R. Mark Wightman1,2,3,a

1 Department of Chemistry,

2 Neuroscience Center, and

3 Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3290.

aAuthor for correspondence. Fax 919-962-2388; e-mail rmw{at}unc.edu.


Abstract

Background: Dopamine is a potent neuromodulator in the brain, influencing a variety of motivated behaviors and involved in several neurologic diseases. Measurements of extracellular dopamine in the brains of experimental animals have traditionally focused on a tonic timescale (minutes to hours). However, dopamine concentrations are now known to fluctuate on a phasic timescale (subseconds to seconds).

Approach: Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry provides analytical chemical measurements of phasic dopamine signals in the rat brain.

Content: Procedural aspects of the technique are discussed, with regard to appropriate use and in comparison with other methods. Finally, examples of data collected using fast-scan cyclic voltammetry are summarized, including naturally occurring dopamine transients and signals arising from electrical stimulation of dopamine neurons.

Summary: Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry offers real-time measurements of changes in extracellular dopamine concentrations in vivo. With its subsecond time resolution, micrometer-dimension spatial resolution, and chemical selectivity, it is the most suitable technique currently available to measure transient concentration changes of dopamine.




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