Clinical Chemistry
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Clinical Chemistry 49: 1149-1153, 2003; 10.1373/49.7.1149
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(Clinical Chemistry. 2003;49:1149-1153.)
© 2003 American Association for Clinical Chemistry, Inc.

Distribution of 3-Hydroxy Fatty Acids in Tissues after Intraperitoneal Injection of Endotoxin

Bogumila Szponar1,3,a, Leonard Krasnik2, Tomasz Hryniewiecki2, Andrzej Gamian1 and Lennart Larsson3

1 Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.

2 Department of Physiology, Medical Academy, Pozna, Swiecickiego 6, Poland.

3 Department of Medical Microbiology, Dermatology and Infection, University of Lund, Sölvegatan 23, 223 62 Lund, Sweden.

aAuthor for correspondence. Fax 48-71-337-1382; e-mail szponar{at}iitd.pan.wroc.pl.

Background: 3-Hydroxy fatty acids (3-OH FAs) with 10- to 18-carbon chain lengths are constituents of the endotoxin [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)] of gram-negative bacteria. We investigated whether these FAs may be used as chemical markers in measuring endotoxin concentrations in mammalian tissue samples.

Methods: We used gas-liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry to measure 3-OH FAs in serum and tissues (heart, liver, and skeletal muscles) of rats after intraperitoneal injection of Escherichia coli LPS. One group of rats (group I) received a single LPS dose of 20 mg/kg of body weight; group II rats received the same total dose but over the course of 10 days (2 mg/kg each day). Rats receiving saline (group III) were used as controls.

Results: 3-OH FAs with chain lengths of 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18 carbons were detected in all studied types of samples. Group I rats had 50-fold and group II rats had 3-fold higher serum concentrations of 3-hydoxytetradecanoic acid (3-OH 14:0, the predominant 3-OH FA of E. coli LPS) than group III rats. Concentrations of 3-OH 14:0 in livers from group I and II rats were similar and fourfold higher than in group III rats, whereas concentrations of the same acid in skeletal and heart tissues did not differ among the three groups of rats. 3-OH 14:0 dominated in heart and liver of group III rats, whereas 3-OH 16:0 (followed by 3-OH 14:0) dominated in skeletal muscles and blood.

Conclusions: 3-OH FAs 10–18 carbons in length, probably originating from endotoxin and mitochondrial ß-oxidation, are abundant in rat liver, skeletal muscles, and heart and can also be detected in blood. The widespread presence of these compounds in mammals limits their usefulness as LPS markers for endotoxin in clinical samples.




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Effect of Plasma Phospholipid Transfer Protein Deficiency on Lethal Endotoxemia in Mice
J. Biol. Chem., July 4, 2008; 283(27): 18702 - 18710.
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