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Comparison of Ultracentrifugation and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in the Quantification of Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins after an Oral Fat Load

¹ Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN. ² Liposcience, Raleigh, NC. ³ US Department of Agriculture-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA. ⁴ Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.

^aAddress correspondence to this author at: 420 Delaware St. SE, Mayo Mail Code 609, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0392. Fax 612-625-5622; e-mail tsaix001{at}tc.umn.edu.

Background: The measurement of triglyceride (TG)-rich particles after an oral fat challenge has been used to provide a measure of risk for coronary artery disease independent of the fasting plasma triglyceride concentration. The analytical "gold standard" for measuring TG-rich lipoproteins uses density gradient ultracentrifugation; however, this technique is labor-intensive. Because of our need to perform numerous postprandial analyses of TG-rich lipoproteins for a large interventional study (Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network), we evaluated the use of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for measuring TG-rich particles.

Methods: EDTA-blood samples were obtained 0, 3.5, 6, and 8 h after ingestion of an oral fat meal (89% of calories from fat) in 20 apparently healthy individuals. The plasma TG concentrations of chylomicron and chylomicron remnant/VLDL fractions were analyzed by ultracentrifugation and NMR spectroscopy.

Results: Comparison of all values (n = 78) by ultracentrifugation (x) and NMR (y) produced a linear regression equation of y = 0.979x – 0.035 mmol/L (R² = 0.90) for chylomicrons and y = 1.398x + 0.067 mmol/L (R² = 0.96) for the fraction containing chylomicron remnants and VLDL. Postprandial response of chylomicrons and chylomicron remnant/VLDL was similar, with maximum response occurring between 3.5 to 6 h regardless of method of measurement.

Conclusion: Chylomicron and chylomicron remnant/VLDL fraction measurements obtained by NMR have a high degree of correlation with results produced by ultracentrifugation. NMR may therefore be suitable as an alternative method for the measurement of postprandial TG-rich lipoproteins in individuals consuming a high-fat meal.

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