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Clinical Chemistry 52: 405-413, 2006. First published January 19, 2006; 10.1373/clinchem.2005.062463
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Right arrow Proteomics and Protein Markers
(Clinical Chemistry. 2006;52:405-413.)
© 2006 American Association for Clinical Chemistry, Inc.

Proteomics and Protein Markers

Adipocyte Fatty Acid–Binding Protein Is a Plasma Biomarker Closely Associated with Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome

Aimin Xu1,2,a, Yu Wang3,4, Jian Yu Xu1,2, David Stejskal5, Sidney Tam6, Jialiang Zhang1,2, Nelson M.S. Wat1,2, Wai Keung Wong6 and Karen S.L. Lam1,2

1 Department of Medicine;2 the Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone, and Healthy Aging;3 Department of Biochemistry; and4 Genome Research Center, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
5 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sternberk Hospital, Sternberk, The Czech Republic.
6 Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China.

aAddress correspondence to this author at: Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, L8-43, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China. Fax 852-28162095; e-mail amxu{at}hkucc.hku.hk.

Background: Adipocyte fatty acid–binding protein (A-FABP) is traditionally thought to be a cytosolic fatty acid chaperone expressed in adipocytes. Mice with targeted disruption of the A-FABP gene exhibit a striking phenotype with strong protection from insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and atherosclerosis. The clinical relevance of these findings remains to be confirmed.

Methods: We used tandem mass spectrometry–based proteomic analysis to identify proteins secreted from adipocytes and present in human serum. We measured serum A-FABP concentrations in 229 persons (121 men and 108 women; age range, 33–72 years), including 100 lean [body mass index (BMI) <25 kg/m2] and 129 overweight/obese individuals (BMI >25 kg/m2) selected from a previous cross-sectional study.

Results: A-FABP was released from adipocytes and was abundantly present in human serum. Mean (SD) circulating concentrations of A-FABP were significantly higher in overweight/obese than in lean persons [32.3 (14.8) vs 20.0 (9.8) µg/L; P <0.001]. Age- and sex-adjusted serum A-FABP concentrations correlated positively (P <0.005) with waist circumference, blood pressure, dyslipidemia, fasting insulin, and the homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index. Moreover, we observed a significant increase in A-FABP concentrations corresponding with increases in the number of components of the metabolic syndrome (P <0.05).

Conclusions: A-FABP is a circulating biomarker closely associated with obesity and components of the metabolic syndrome, and measurement of serum concentrations of A-FABP might be useful for clinical diagnosis of obesity-related metabolic and cardiovascular disorders.




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