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Oxidative Stress Markers Are Associated with Persistent Atrial Fibrillation

¹ Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.
² Division of Cardiology, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, GA.
³ Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.
⁴ Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.

^aAddress correspondence to this author at: Division of Cardiology, Emory University/VAMC, 1670 Clairmont Rd. (111B), Decatur, GA 30033. Fax 404-329-2211; e-mail sdudley{at}emory.edu.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been associated with myocardial oxidative stress, and antioxidant agents have demonstrated antiarrhythmic benefit in humans. We compared serum markers of oxidation and associated inflammation in individuals with or without AF.

Methods: Serum markers of oxidative stress and inflammation were compared in a cross-sectional, case-control design study of 40 male individuals, with or without persistent or permanent AF, who were matched for age, sex, diabetes, and smoking status, known confounding variables for the measurement of oxidative stress. We used derivatives of reactive oxidative metabolites (DROMs) and ratios of oxidized to reduced glutathione (E_h GSH) and cysteine (E_h CySH) to quantify oxidative stress. We also measured inflammatory markers, including high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukins 1ß and 6, and tumor necrosis factor .

Results: Univariate, conditional logistical regression analysis showed that oxidative stress but not inflammatory markers were statistically associated with AF (P <0.05). The increase in the odds ratios for AF for E_h GSH, E_h CySH, and DROMs were 6.1 (95% CI, 1.3–28.3; P = 0.02), 13.6 (95% CI, 2.5–74.1; P = 0.01), and 15.9 (95% CI, 1.7–153.9; P = 0.02), respectively. There was a stronger correlation between E_h GSH and E_h CySH (r = 0.66) than between E_h GSH and DROMs (r = 0.41). In multivariate analysis corrected for statins and other AF risk factors differing between the groups, the association of AF and oxidative stress remained significant.

Conclusions: These data suggest that oxidative stress markers may have predictive value in AF management.

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