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Editorial |
Department of Internal Medicine II-Cardiology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Robert-Koch Strasse 8, D-89081 Ulm, Germany, Fax 49-731-503-3872, wolfgang.koenig@medizin.uni-ulm.de
C-Reactive protein (CRP), an exquisitely sensitive marker of systemic inflammation, has emerged as a powerful predictor of cardiovascular diseases, in particular of coronary heart disease (CHD) (1). The availability of high-sensitivity (hs) assays has enabled the detection of even low-grade inflammatory responses that have previously been regarded as clinically not meaningful.
In this issue of the Journal, Rifai and Ridker (2) propose an algorithm using CRP concentrations together with the total cholesterol:HDL-cholesterol ratio, the most powerful predictor among lipoproteins, for cardiovascular risk assessment. They suggest risk stratification based on two consecutive hs-CRP measurements and categorizing subjects according to quintiles of hs-CRP and total cholesterol:HDL-cholesterol ratio. These quintiles were derived from ongoing population-based surveys, whereas risk estimates were taken from prospective studies in men and in women.
CRP fulfills most of the requirements needed to serve as a new risk
factor for CHD: (a) The consistency of results from 11
prospective population-based studies in initially healthy subjects has
been remarkable. (b) The association between CRP and future
coronary events is strong. The combined risk ratio for CHD from
metaanalysis is 2 if subjects with baseline CRP concentrations in the
upper tertile of the population distribution are compared with those in
the lower
References
The following articles in journals at HighWire Press have cited this article:
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S. S. Levinson, J. J. Miller, and R. J. Elin Poor Predictive Value of High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Indicates Need for Reassessment Clin. Chem., October 1, 2004; 50(10): 1733 - 1735. [Full Text] [PDF] |
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U. A. Ajani, E. S. Ford, and A. H. Mokdad Prevalence of High C-Reactive Protein in Persons with Serum Lipid Concentrations within Recommended Values Clin. Chem., September 1, 2004; 50(9): 1618 - 1622. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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A. Imhof, M. Frohlich, H. Loewel, N. Helbecque, M. Woodward, P. Amouyel, G. D.O. Lowe, and W. Koenig Distributions of C-reactive Protein Measured by High-Sensitivity Assays in Apparently Healthy Men and Women from Different Populations in Europe Clin. Chem., April 1, 2003; 49(4): 669 - 672. [Full Text] [PDF] |
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T. A. Pearson, G. A. Mensah, R. W. Alexander, J. L. Anderson, R. O. Cannon III, M. Criqui, Y. Y. Fadl, S. P. Fortmann, Y. Hong, G. L. Myers, et al. Markers of Inflammation and Cardiovascular Disease: Application to Clinical and Public Health Practice: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Heart Association Circulation, January 28, 2003; 107(3): 499 - 511. [Full Text] [PDF] |
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M. Ishibashi, Y. Takemura, H. Ishida, K. Watanabe, and T. Kawai C-Reactive Protein Kinetics in Newborns: Application of a High-Sensitivity Analytic Method in Its Determination Clin. Chem., July 1, 2002; 48(7): 1103 - 1106. [Full Text] [PDF] |
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R.J. de Winter, G.S. Heyde, K.T. Koch, J. Fischer, J.P. van Straalen, M. Bax, C.E. Schotborgh, K.J. Mulder, G.T. Sanders, J.J. Piek, et al. The prognostic value of pre-procedural plasma C-reactive protein in patients undergoing elective coronary angioplasty Eur. Heart J., June 2, 2002; 23(12): 960 - 966. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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I. Kushner and A. R. Sehgal Is High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein an Effective Screening Test for Cardiovascular Risk? Arch Intern Med, April 22, 2002; 162(8): 867 - 869. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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