Clinical Chemistry
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Clinical Chemistry 47: 380-381, 2001;
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(Clinical Chemistry. 2001;47:380-381.)
© 2001 American Association for Clinical Chemistry, Inc.

Editorial

Signal Amplification in Time-resolved Fluorometry

Eleftherios P. Diamandis

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Ave., Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X5 Canada, and, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Fax 416-586-8628, E-mail ediamandis@mtsinai.on.ca

A frequent question among clinical biochemists is how sensitive analytical techniques should be in the context of clinical diagnostics. Currently, the analyte concentrations usually encountered in clinical chemistry range from 10-3 to 10-12 mol/L. By far, the most sensitive nonamplification techniques used in the clinical laboratory are based on noncompetitive immunological assays. Is there any need for measuring analytes at even lower concentrations? The answer is likely yes. Once the methodologies for measuring even lower concentrations of analytes are developed and our knowledge of the many new candidate biological markers that likely will be discovered through the Human Genome Project is more complete, we may be interested in or need to measure analyte concentrations that are 1/10th to 1/100th of those currently measured. Hence, we should continually pursue the development of methodologies that can reach the ultimate sensitivity, i.e., detection of single molecules.

In other areas of laboratory medicine, e.g., microbiology, single pathogen particles (e.g., viruses and bacteria) have diagnostic significance. We should not forget that the measurement of a single molecule in a very small fraction of the total blood volume may mean that the whole organism could contain relatively large numbers of such pathogenic or abnormal constituents. When the analytes are nucleic acids (DNA or RNA), PCR and other exponential amplification . . . [Full Text of this Article]


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Home page
 Clin. Chem.Home page
Y. Xu and Q. Li
Multiple Fluorescent Labeling of Silica Nanoparticles with Lanthanide Chelates for Highly Sensitive Time-Resolved Immunofluorometric Assays
Clin. Chem., August 1, 2007; 53(8): 1503 - 1510.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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