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Clinical Chemistry 49: 808-810, 2003; 10.1373/49.5.808
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(Clinical Chemistry. 2003;49:808-810.)
© 2003 American Association for Clinical Chemistry, Inc.

Technical Briefs

Fully Automated Chemiluminometric Assay for Hyperglycosylated Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (Invasive Trophoblast Antigen)

Raj Pandian1,a, Julie Lu2 and Jolanta Ossolinska-Plewnia2

1 Quest Diagnostics, Nichols Institute, 33608, Ortega Highway, San Juan Capistrano, CA 92690;

2 Nichols Institute Diagnostics, San Clemente, CA 92673;

aauthor for correspondence: fax 949-728-4990, e-mail pandianr@questdiagnostics.com

The first 20% of the full text of this article appears below.

Hyperglycosylated human chorionic gonadotropin (HhCG) is a glycoprotein hormone secreted during embryonic implantation and trophoblast invasion of the uterine wall and is an early marker of pregnancy (1). Relative to hCG, HhCG has a higher molecular mass (38.5–40 kDa, depending on the amount of carbohydrate) and a higher number of asparagine (N)-linked triantennary carbohydrates and serine (O)-linked tetrasaccharide core structures in the ß-subunit (2). Although both are secreted from the placenta and choriocarcinoma, HhCG is produced by mononucleated cytotrophoblasts, and hCG is produced by syncytiotrophoblast cells (3)(4)(5)(6). Because the cytotrophoblasts are primitive and invasive in nature, HhCG is also called invasive trophoblast antigen (ITA) (5).

Birken et al. (7) described a monoclonal antibody (B152) specific for the ß-subunit C-terminal peptide and the O-linked oligosaccharide of HhCG. Although the epitope for this antibody does not require sialic acid, the presence of the O-linked tetrasaccharide core structure is essential (1).

Using IRMAs and ELISAs, investigators showed that (a) HhCG rapidly increases in early pregnancy, attaining substantially higher concentrations and decreasing earlier than hCG (1)(8); (b) HhCG is increased in Down syndrome-affected pregnancies in both the first and second trimesters (9)(10)(11); and (c) the HhCG:hCG ratio appears to . . . [Full Text of this Article]




The following articles in journals at HighWire Press have cited this article:


Home page
 Clin. Chem.Home page
G. E. Palomaki, G. J. Knight, L. M. Neveux, R. Pandian, and J. E. Haddow
Maternal Serum Invasive Trophoblast Antigen and First-Trimester Down Syndrome Screening
Clin. Chem., August 1, 2005; 51(8): 1499 - 1504.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Chem.Home page
M. J.N. Weinans, U. Sancken, R. Pandian, J. M.W. van de Ouweland, H. W.A. de Bruijn, J. P. Holm, and A. Mantingh
Invasive Trophoblast Antigen (Hyperglycosylated Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) as a First-Trimester Serum Marker for Down Syndrome
Clin. Chem., July 1, 2005; 51(7): 1276 - 1279.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Chem.Home page
G. E. Palomaki, L. M. Neveux, G. J. Knight, J. E. Haddow, and R. Pandian
Maternal Serum Invasive Trophoblast Antigen (Hyperglycosylated hCG) as a Screening Marker for Down Syndrome during the Second Trimester
Clin. Chem., October 1, 2004; 50(10): 1804 - 1808.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Chem.Home page
R. Pandian, L. A. Cole, and G. E. Palomaki
Second-Trimester Maternal Serum Invasive Trophoblast Antigen: A Marker for Down Syndrome Screening
Clin. Chem., August 1, 2004; 50(8): 1433 - 1435.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Chem.Home page
L. A. Cole, J. M. Sutton, T. N. Higgins, and G. S. Cembrowski
Between-Method Variation in Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Test Results
Clin. Chem., May 1, 2004; 50(5): 874 - 882.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Clin. Chem.Home page
G. E. Palomaki, G. J. Knight, M. M. Roberson, G. C. Cunningham, J. E. Lee, C. M. Strom, and R. Pandian
Invasive Trophoblast Antigen (Hyperglycosylated Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) in Second-Trimester Maternal Urine as a Marker for Down Syndrome: Preliminary Results of an Observational Study on Fresh Samples
Clin. Chem., January 1, 2004; 50(1): 182 - 189.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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