Clinical Chemistry
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Clinical Chemistry 52: 555-556, 2006; 10.1373/clinchem.2005.065284
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(Clinical Chemistry. 2006;52:555-556.)
© 2006 American Association for Clinical Chemistry, Inc.

Editorials

How Should We Measure the Albumin in Urine?

Theodore Peters, Jr

Research Institute The Mary Imogene Bassett Hospital Cooperstown, NY 13326 Fax 607-547-3061 E-mail theodore.peters@bassett.org

The first 20% of the full text of this article appears below.

Laboratories almost universally use immunochemical methods to detect microalbuminuria, defined variously as an albumin excretion of 30–300 mg/day, an albumin/creatinine ratio of 30–300 mg/g, or an albumin excretion rate of 20–200 µg/min. (The term microalbuminuria is a misnomer, of course. No small form of albumin exists that is comparable, for example, to ß2-microglobulin, but the term now seems too deeply imbedded in the diabetic literature to be replaced.)

During the last 3 years, size-exclusion HPLC has been promoted to detect forms of albumin that are not reactive immunochemically (1)(2). The authors of these studies claimed that this approach is more sensitive in detecting increases in urinary albumin and detects them earlier than do the immunochemical methods (3). They isolated this nonimmunoreactive albumin form after adsorption on immobilized anti-albumin and found that it contained <1% of the potential contaminants transferrin, {alpha}1-acid glycoprotein, and {alpha}1-antitrypsin by immunochemical tests and little, if any, by mass spectrometry.

A challenge to these findings appeared in the . . . [Full Text of this Article]


Preconcentration of urines.


Number of samples.


Contaminating plasma proteins.


Application of other techniques.




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D. M. Schlatzer, J.-E. Dazard, M. Dharsee, R. M. Ewing, S. Ilchenko, I. Stewart, G. Christ, and M. R. Chance
Urinary Protein Profiles in a Rat Model for Diabetic Complications
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D. Sviridov, S. K. Drake, and G. L. Hortin
Reactivity of Urinary Albumin (Microalbumin) Assays with Fragmented or Modified Albumin
Clin. Chem., January 1, 2008; 54(1): 61 - 68.
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O. T.M. Chan and D. A. Herold
Chip Electrophoresis as a Method for Quantifying Total Microalbuminuria
Clin. Chem., November 1, 2006; 52(11): 2141 - 2146.
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