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Clinical Chemistry 55: 1058-1060, 2009. First published April 16, 2009; 10.1373/clinchem.2009.123927
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(Clinical Chemistry. 2009;55:1058-1060.)
© 2009 American Association for Clinical Chemistry, Inc.

Perspective

Magnetism and Magnetoresistance: Attractive Prospects for Point-of-Care Testing?

Larry J. Kricka1,a and Jason Y. Park2

1 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA; 2 Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.

aAddress correspondence to this author at: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Founders Pavilion 7.103, 3400 Spruce St., Philadelphia, PA 19104. E-mail kricka@mail.med.upenn.edu.

The first 20% of the full text of this article appears below.

There is a strong consensus that an ideal diagnostic test should be rapid, noninvasive, reagentless, inexpensive, and suitable for application at the point of care. For most tests, this ideal is a distant prospect. One recent success has been reflectance spectrophotometry, which is now used for transcutaneous bilirubin measurements in neonates (BiliCheckTM; http://bilichek.respironics.com). Another is the noninvasive measurement of blood oxygen saturation using red and infrared absorption measurements (e.g., 660 and 920 nm). However, early hope for a broad range of infrared-based noninvasive testing has been dashed. Although successful for oxygen saturation, the expansion of the scope of this technology to the main prize, namely blood glucose, has not been successful, and in fact has been the source of major controversy.

In view of the slow progress in reagentless noninvasive technologies, efforts have continued in ways to reduce the number of steps, reagents, and manipulations in more conventional assays, particularly for disposable assays intended for point of care, where speed, error-free operation, and ease of use are paramount.

In the current range of point-of-care tests, 2 endpoints dominate. The first and earliest point-of-care tests were portable tablet- and powder-based colorimetric assays that were available in the early twentieth century. The second generation of point-of-care test devices was based on electrochemical measurements using a meter. Many assays have been effectively reduced to a single-addition-and-read format; for multistep point-of-care assays, such as immunoassays, assay simplification has been achieved using self-contained cartridges that enable reagent and sample manipulations, as exemplified by lateral flow devices.

Magnetism is emerging as a possible source of . . . [Full Text of this Article]






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Copyright © 2009 by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry.