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Adiponectin, Adipocyte Fatty Acid Binding Protein, and Epidermal Fatty Acid Binding Protein: Proteins Newly Identified in Human Breast Milk

Jií Bronsk^1,2,a, Michal Karpíek³, Eva Bronská⁴, Marta Pechová², Barbora Janíková⁵, Hana Kotolová³, David Stejskal⁶, Richard Pra² and Jií Nevoral¹

¹ Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Pediatric Clinic, 2nd Medical Faculty, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic.
² Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, 2nd Medical Faculty, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic.
³ Department of Human Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
⁴ National Institute of Public Health and 3rd Medical Faculty, Charles University and University Hospital Bulovka, Prague, Czech Republic.
⁵ Department of Neonatology, 2nd Medical Faculty, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic.
⁶ Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital ternberk, ternberk, Czech Republic.

^aAddress correspondence to this author at: Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Pediatric Clinic, 2nd Medical Faculty, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, V Úvalu 84, 150 06, Prague 5, Czech Republic. Fax: 420-22443- 2020; e-mail bronsky{at}email.cz.

Background: Breastfeeding may protect children from developing metabolic syndrome and other diseases later in life. We investigated novel proteins in human breast milk that might play a role in this process.

Methods: We used ELISA to measure adiponectin, adipocyte and epidermal fatty acid binding proteins (AFABP, EFABP), and leptin concentrations in human breast milk obtained from 59 mothers 48 h after initiation of lactation. Using a questionnaire and medical records, we collected information about the mothers and newborns.

Results: Mean (SE) adiponectin concentrations in breast milk were 13.7 (0.8), range 3.9–30.4 µg/L; AFABP concentrations 26.7 (4.4), range 1.2–137.0 µg/L; EFABP concentrations 18.1 (1.4), range 0.8–47.0 µg/L; and leptin concentrations 0.50 (0.05), range 0–1.37 µg/L. We found a significant correlation between AFABP and EFABP concentrations (r = 0.593, P <0.0001). Maternal EFABP concentrations were significantly higher in mothers who delivered boys than in those who delivered girls [21.7 (2.3) vs 15.4 (1.7) µg/L, P = 0.028] and correlated with newborn birth weight (r = 0.266, P = 0.045). Maternal leptin correlated with body weight before pregnancy (r = 0.272, P = 0.043) and at delivery (r = 0.370, P = 0.005), body mass index before pregnancy (r = 0.397, P = 0.003) and at delivery (r = 0.498, P <0.0001), body weight gain during pregnancy (r = 0.267, P = 0.047), and newborn gestational age (r = 0.266, P = 0.048). Leptin was significantly lower in mothers who delivered preterm vs term babies [0.30 (0.09) vs 0.60 (0.05) ug/L, P = 0.026].

Conclusions: Concentrations of adiponectin, AFABP, and EFABP in human breast milk are related to nutritional variables of mothers and newborns and thus may play a role in the protective effects of breastfeeding.

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				J. G. Ray MD MSc, A. P. Mohllajee MPH, R. M. van Dam PhD, and K. B. Michels ScD PhD Breast size and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus Can. Med. Assoc. J., January 29, 2008; 178(3): 289 - 295. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]