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Clinical Chemistry 0: clinchem.2005.062463v1, 2006; 10.1373/clinchem.2005.062463
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Received on October 21, 2005
Accepted on December 20, 2005

Proteomics and Protein Markers

Adipocyte Fatty Acid-Binding Protein Is a Plasma Biomarker Closely Associated with Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome

Aimin Xu 1*, Yu Wang 2, Jian Yu Xu 1, David Stejskal 3, Sidney Tam 4, Jialiang Zhang 1, Nelson M.S. Wat 1, Wai Keung Wong 4, Karen S.L. Lam 1

1 Department of Medicine and the Research Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone, and Healthy Aging, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
2 Department of Biochemistry and Genome Research Center, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
3 Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sternberk Hospital, Sternberk, The Czech Republic
4 Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: amxu{at}hkucc.hku.hk.

Background: Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) is traditionally thought to be a cytosolic fatty acid chaperone expressed in adipocytes. Mice with targeted disruption of the A-FABP gene exhibit a striking phenotype with strong protection from insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and atherosclerosis. The clinical relevance of these findings remains to be confirmed.

Methods: We used tandem mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis to identify proteins secreted from adipocytes and present in human serum. We measured serum A-FABP concentrations in 229 persons (121 men and 108 women; age range, 33-72 years) including 100 lean [body mass index (BMI) <25 kg/m2] and 129 overweight/obese individuals (BMI >25 kg/m2) selected from a previous cross-sectional study.

Results: A-FABP was released from adipocytes and was abundantly present in human serum. Mean (SD) circulating concentrations of A-FABP were significantly higher in overweight/obese than in lean persons [32.3 (14.8) vs 20.0 (9.8) µg/L; P <0.001]. Age- and sex-adjusted serum A-FABP concentrations correlated positively (P <0.005) with waist circumference, blood pressure, dyslipidemia, fasting insulin, and the homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index. Moreover, we observed a significant increase in A-FABP concentrations corresponding with increases in the number of components of the metabolic syndrome (P <0.05).

Conclusions: These data demonstrate that A-FABP is a circulating biomarker closely associated with obesity and components of the metabolic syndrome, and they suggest that measurement of serum concentrations of A-FABP might be useful for clinical diagnosis of obesity-related metabolic and cardiovascular disorders.


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